Determination of Methylcellulose and Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Food Gums in Food and Food Products: Collaborative Study

Harfmann, Robert G.; Deshmukh, B. K.; Conklin, Jerry; Turowski, Maciej; Lynch, Stephanie

doi:10.1093/jaoac/90.3.786

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Of the colorimetric methods available for quantification of CMC, the 2,7‐naphthalenediol method (NDM) is the most specific one (Zorba and Ova 1999). An advanced and sophisticated method of estimation of methyl and HPMC has been recommended by Harfmann and others (2007) whereas a modification to the AOAC procedure with size‐exclusion chromatography for their determination was published by Turowski and others (2007).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most recent method of DF determination includes liquid chromatography (Ohkuma and others 2000). Kitada and others (1997) determined SDF using electrophoresis, high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and size exclusion chromatography (Turowski and others 2007) with refractive index detector (Harfmann and others 2007). Haines and Patel (2003) employed ELISA for the determination of soluble fiber.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soluble Dietary Fiber

Chawla

Patil

2010

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

244

128

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confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Soluble Dietary Fiber

Chawla

Patil

2010

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

244

128

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“…Methods specifically used for analysing celluloses in food are available only for methyl cellulose (E 461) and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (E 464) (Harfmann et al, 2007;Turowski et al, 2007). The dried foods were subjected to sequential enzymatic digestion with the use of heat-stable a-amylase, protease, and amyloglycosidase in order to remove starch and proteins.…”

Section: Methods Of Analysis In Foodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re‐evaluation of celluloses E 460(i), E 460(ii), E 461, E 462, E 463, E 464, E 465, E 466, E 468 and E 469 as food additives

Younes¹,

Aggett²,

Aguilar³

et al. 2018

EFS2

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Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion re-evaluating the safety of microcrystalline cellulose (E 460(i)), powdered cellulose (E 460(ii)), methyl cellulose (E 461), ethyl cellulose (E 462), hydroxypropyl cellulose (E 463), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (E 464), ethyl methyl cellulose (E 465), sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (E 466), enzymatically hydrolysed carboxy methyl cellulose (E 469) and cross-linked carboxy methyl cellulose (E 468) as food additives. The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) and the Scientific Committee on Food (SCF) established an acceptable daily intake (ADI) 'not specified' for unmodified and modified celluloses. Celluloses are not absorbed and are excreted intact in the faeces; in addition, microcrystalline cellulose, powdered and modified celluloses could be fermented by the intestinal flora in animals and humans. Specific toxicity data were not always available for all the celluloses evaluated in the present opinion and for all endpoints. Given their structural, physicochemical and biological similarities, the Panel considered it possible to readacross between all the celluloses. The acute toxicity of celluloses was low and there was no genotoxic concern. Short-term and subchronic dietary toxicity studies performed with E 460(i), E 461, E 462, E 463, E 464, E 466 and E 469 at levels up to 10% did not indicate specific treatment related adverse effects. In chronic toxicity studies performed with E 460(i), E 461, E 463, E 464, E 465 and E 466, the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) values reported ranged up to 9,000 mg/kg body weight (bw) per day. No carcinogenic properties were detected for microcrystalline cellulose and modified celluloses. Adverse effects on reproductive performance or developmental effects were not observed with celluloses at doses greater than 1,000 mg/kg bw by gavage (often the highest dose tested). The combined exposure to celluloses (E 460-466, E 468 and E 469) at 95th percentile of the refined (brand-loyal) exposure assessment for the general population was up to 506 mg/kg bw per day. The Panel concluded that there was no need for a numerical ADI and that there would be no safety concern at the reported uses and use levels for the unmodified and modified celluloses (E 460(i); E 460(ii); E 461-466; E 468 and E 469). The Panel considered an indicative total exposure of around 660-900 mg/kg bw per day for microcrystalline, powdered and modified celluloses.

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“…The values were considered consistent with this matrix based upon accepted criteria for this analytic method. 14…”

Section: Test Substancementioning

confidence: 99%

Tamarind Seed Polysaccharide

Heimbach¹,

Egawa²,

Marone³

et al. 2013

Int J Toxicol

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Forty male and 40 female Crl:SD® CD® IGS rats were fed diets containing 0, 40,000, 80,000, or 120,000 ppm tamarind seed polysaccharide (equivalent to 3450.8, 6738.9, or 10 597.1 mg/kg bw/day and 3602.1, 7190.1, or 10,690.7 mg/kg bw/day for males and females, respectively) for 28 days. Animals were observed for adverse clinical signs, body weight, feed consumption, hematology and clinical chemistry parameters, urinalysis values were recorded, and at the end of the study the rats underwent a full necropsy. Functional Observational Battery (FOB) and Motor Activity (MA) tests were performed on all animals. There were no mortalities, no clinical or ophthalmologic signs, body weight, body weight gain, food consumption and food efficiency, FOB or MA findings associated with the administration of tamarind seed polysaccharide. Initial statistically significant decreases in body weight gain and food consumption resolved after the first week and were considered the result of reduced palatability. There were no adverse changes in hematology, coagulation, clinical chemistry or urinalysis parameters in male or female rats considered the result of test substance administration. At necropsy, there were no macroscopic, histopathological findings, estrus cycle, or organ weight changes deemed related to administration of the test substance. Under the conditions of this study and based on the toxicological endpoints evaluated, the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for tamarind seed polysaccharide in the diet was the highest concentration tested of 120,000 ppm (equivalent to 10,597 mg/kg bw/day and 10,691 mg/kg bw/day for male and female rats, respectively).

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Determination of Methylcellulose and Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Food Gums in Food and Food Products: Collaborative Study

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Soluble Dietary Fiber

Soluble Dietary Fiber

Re‐evaluation of celluloses E 460(i), E 460(ii), E 461, E 462, E 463, E 464, E 465, E 466, E 468 and E 469 as food additives

Tamarind Seed Polysaccharide

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