Determination of metal ions by capillary electrophoresis

Macka, Mirek; Haddad, Paul R.

doi:10.1002/elps.1150181237

Cited by 121 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 190 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Depending on the stability of the metal-ligand complex, two modes can be used to perform the separation. 3 If the metal-ligand complex is thermodynamically very stable (i.e., kinetically inert), then the complex can be formed prior to performing the separation. This approach has the advantage of not requiring a fluorogenic ligand, as the complexed and uncomplexed ligand are electrophoretically separated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, selectivity is not easily altered. 3 Alternatively, if the ligand is weakly complexing and achieves equilibrium rapidly, then the ligand may be added to the background electrolyte. The ligand concentration and pH will govern the degree of complexation, which, in turn, determines the effective mobility of the metal.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 The effect of electrodiffusion can be reduced by increasing the HQS concentration. However, increasing the HQS concentration leads to an unacceptably high background fluorescence.…”

Section: Hqs Detection Of Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Violet Diode Laser for Metal Ion Determination by Capillary Electrophoresis-Laser Induced Fluorescence

Vos

Lucy

2001

ANAL. SCI.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since the work of Jorgenson and Lukacs in the early 1980s, 1,2 capillary electrophoresis (CE) has experienced rapid growth and been applied to a wide array of analytes. The dominant area of application of CE has been for biomolecules. However, there has been a steady and increasing interest in using CE for the determination of metal ions. 3The attractive features of CE for metal ion determination are the same as those for other separations: its exceptional separation efficiency; its rapid separations; and its low mass detection limits. However, as with other types of analytes, the primary limitation of CE is its poor concentration detection limits. Most (85%) publications of CE for metal ions have used absorbance detection. 3 Unfortunately, few hydrated metal ions absorb significantly above 185 nm. Greater sensitivity is achieved by complexing the metal ions with a metallochromic dye. Examples include PAR for transition metals, 4 Arsenazo I for alkaline earth metals 5 and Arsenate III for lanthanides and uranium. 6,7 Alternatively, up to 26 metal cations have been separated with parts-per-billion detection limits using indirect absorbance detection. [8][9][10][11] Regardless, the most sensitive detection scheme in CE is laser induced fluorescence (LIF). 12-14 CE-LIF determinations of metals typically use the 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid (HQS) fluorescent ligand shown in Fig. 1 . Optimum excitation of the metal-HQS is at 393 nm with maximum emission in the 500 -520 nm range. 17 Fluorescence excitation of metal-HQS complexes separated by CE has been performed using the 325 nm HeCd laser line, 15,18,19 the 351.1 -364.8 nm lines of an argon ion laser 20 and with a broad band mercury-xenon lamp. 16 However, none of these excitation sources is ideal. They all are expensive and have limited lifetimes (∼5000 h). They are also relatively bulky, making them unattractive for miniaturized instruments. 19 Semiconductor or diode lasers are promising alternatives to conventional lasers. Diode lasers are cheap, require no maintenance, and have lifetimes approaching 50000 h. 21 These lasers are also extremely compact and can run off battery power.Further, the output stability of diode lasers is significantly better than that of conventional lasers (0.01% vs. 1% noise). 22 These properties suggest that diode lasers are ideally suited for LIF detection. In October of 1999, Nichia Corporation (Japan) launched the commercial sale of their InGaN-based violet laser diode.23-27 * The diode operates at 405 nm with a power output of 5 mW and has an estimated lifetime of 2000 to 5000 h. Such short wavelength semiconductor lasers have long been sought for applications such as full-color electroluminescent displays, laser printers, undersea optical communications and optical data storage. For instance, a violet diode laser would quadruple the data capacity of current DVD players.In addition to its applications in electronics and telecommunications, the violet diode laser offers tremendous potential for analytical chemistry. Recently, ...

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Violet Diode Laser for Metal Ion Determination by Capillary Electrophoresis-Laser Induced Fluorescence

Vos

Lucy

2001

ANAL. SCI.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Reviews on metal ion analyses in different food matrices are available (Macka and Haddad, 1997;Sádecká and Polonský, 1999). The separation of metal ions by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) has become widespread since the early 1990s, when robust and affordable instrumentation was made available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid determination of sodium in milk and milk products by capillary zone electrophoresis

Masotti

Erba

Noni

et al. 2012

Journal of Dairy Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A capillary zone electrophoresis method for the determination of Na in milk and milk products was developed and compared with an International Organization for Standardization/International Dairy Federation standard method that is based on flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The adoption of a background electrolyte consisting of 10 mM imidazole adjusted to pH 3.75 by the addition of oxalic acid allowed baseline separation of Na from other milk cations and from Li ion, which was adopted as an internal standard. Method validation was performed and the results for linearity, precision, limit of detection, limit of quantification, and recovery are presented. The procedure was tested on commercial milk samples differing in fat content (whole, semiskimmed, and skimmed) and processing conditions (pasteurization, UHT sterilization, and microfiltration). The reliability of the method was confirmed for different varieties of cheese and other milk products. The method enables the routine measurement of Na content by a rapid and accurate capillary zone electrophoresis procedure.

show abstract

“…These include 4-(2-pyridilazo)resorcinol (PAR), 4-(2-thiazolylazo)resorcinol (TAR), 1,10-phenanthroline (Phen), 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid (HQS), 2-hydroxyisobutyric acid (HIBA), 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (PDCA) and various polyaminocarboxylic acids. [2][3][4][5][6][7] Micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC), which was first introduced by Terabe et al, 8 has become popular as a powerful analytical separation technique in CE. The separation of analytes is based on their differential partitioning between the micelle phase and the aqueous phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Complex Separation with On-line Sample Preconcentration in Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography

Isoo

Terabe

2005

ANAL. SCI.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) using a cationic surfactant as a pseudostationary phase was examined to separate anionic metal cyclohexane-1,2-diaminetetraacetic acid (CDTA) complexes. Cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC) was employed as the cationic surfactant micelle, its addition leading to EOF reversal. Cu(II), Co(II), Zn(II), Mn(II) and Pb(II) were used as test analytes, and the complete separation was obtained by MEKC. On-line sample preconcentration by sweeping was also examined to improve the detection sensitivity. From 15-to 42-fold increases in the detection sensitivity in terms of the peak heights were obtained by sweeping with a cationic micelle in the presence of high EOF. The limits of detection were in the range (0.6 -1.8) × 10 -6 M with UV detection without any off-line preconcentration step.

show abstract

Determination of metal ions by capillary electrophoresis

Cited by 121 publications

References 190 publications

Violet Diode Laser for Metal Ion Determination by Capillary Electrophoresis-Laser Induced Fluorescence

Violet Diode Laser for Metal Ion Determination by Capillary Electrophoresis-Laser Induced Fluorescence

Rapid determination of sodium in milk and milk products by capillary zone electrophoresis

Metal Complex Separation with On-line Sample Preconcentration in Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About