Determination of mercury in gasoline diluted in ethanol by GF AAS after cold vapor generation, pre-concentration in gold column and trapping on graphite tube

Torres, Daiane Placido; Dittert, Ingrid M.; Höhn, H.; Frescura, Vera Lúcia Azzolin; Curtius, Adilson José

doi:10.1016/j.microc.2010.01.011

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…µg/kg 23. However, concentration levels found in petroleum hydrocarbons in North Germany were as high as 4,350 µg/kg 24 and value of 49,400 µg/kg was reported by Bloom et al in the sample of unknown origin 8.…”

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confidence: 79%

Hg Speciation in Petroleum Hydrocarbons with Emphasis on the Reactivity of Hg Particles

et al. 2015

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Particulate HgS is generally thought to be the most abundant Hg species in stored petroleum hydrocarbons stocked onshore. It is also assumed that due to its high stability constant, HgS is chemically inert. However, results from the current study would suggest otherwise. Firstly, a comparison study of the analytical performance of ICP-MS and CV-AFS with respect to matrix effect, showed no significant difference in the measured Hg concentrations in studied samples when CV-AFS is used in the alkali mode. Subsequently, the suitability of three quantification methods during Hg speciation was investigated. Both external calibration and standard addition methods resulted troublesome with the former showing matrix dependence and the latter being hindered by the formation of an emulsion during the derivatisation step. Results from species-specific isotope dilution (SS-ID-GC-ICP-MS), on the other hand, performed at different equilibration times, showed a random variation in the calculated Hg 2+ concentration (RSD 32%), 2 suggesting that factors independent of equilibration time cause the observed variation. Further sedimentation of Hg particulate by means of ultracentrifugation improved the precision of SS-ID-GC-ICP-MS by 10-fold. These results would suggest that Hg particles in petroleum products are reactive at low temperature during Grignard alkylation.

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confidence: 79%

Hg Speciation in Petroleum Hydrocarbons with Emphasis on the Reactivity of Hg Particles

et al. 2015

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“…The limits of detection obtained by the present procedure were higher than those for the analysis of gasoline samples. However, the majority of the method reported used an analytical technique with higher sensitivity than ICP OES, such as GF AAS 3,25 or ICP MS 26 . We would like to emphasize that all methods in Table 6 used a sample preparation in order to increase the sensitivity (e.g., preconcentration procedures) or to remove/reduce the organic solvent loading (e.g., microwave assisted acid digestion or emulsion).…”

Section: Commercial Fuel Samples Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 The presence of these elements is inconvenient because it can cause serious damages to different parts of the engine, as well as being a major source of atmospheric pollution when released into the environment after combustion. 3 These emissions contribute to a decline in air quality and as a result can affect human health. Moreover, the relatively high levels of concentration can even affect product performance, as the presence of contaminant elements decrease its volatility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the past two decades, most analytical methods reported in the literature for the determination and quantification of contaminants in these samples are based on atomic spectrometric techniques such as Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (FAAS), 10 Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (ETAAS), 7,[11][12][13][14][15] Hydride Generation Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (HGAAS), 16 Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (CVAAS), 3,4,17 in addition to inductive coupled plasmabased techniques, which include Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP OES) 18,19 and Mass Spectrometry (ICP MS). [20][21][22] There are few reports in the literature involving FAAS due to its low sensitivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of As, Se, and Hg in fuel samples by in-chamber chemical vapor generation ICP OES using a Flow Blurring® multinebulizer

2017

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In this work, a new and simple analytical methodology based on in-chamber chemical vapor generation has been developed for the spectrochemical analysis of commercial fuel samples. A multiple nebulizer with three nebulization units has been employed for this purpose: One unit was used for sample introduction, while the other two were used for the necessary reagent introduction. In this way, the aerosols were mixed inside the spray chamber. Through this method, analyte transport and, therefore, sensitivity are improved in inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. The factors (i.e., variables), influencing chemical vapor generation, have been optimized using a multivariate approach. Under optimum chemical vapor generation conditions ([NaBH] = 1.39%, [HCl] = 2.97 M, total liquid flow = 936 μL min), the proposed sample introduction system allowed the determination of arsenic, selenium, and mercury up to 5 μg g with a limit of detection of 25, 140, and 13 μg kg, respectively. Analyzing spiked commercial fuel samples, recovery values obtained were between 96 and 113%, and expanded uncertainty values ranged from 4 to 16%. The most striking practical conclusion of this investigation is that no carbon deposit appears on the plasma torch after extended periods of working. Graphical abstract A new and simple analytical methodology based on in-chamber chemical vapor generation has been developed for the spectrochemical analysis of commercial fuel samples in ICP OES.

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“…Up to now, a number of analytical techniques have been developed for the determination of trace levels of Hg 2+ , including spectrophotometry, 5 uorescence optical sensing, 6 atomic uorescence spectrometry (AFS), 7 inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry/mass spectrometry (ICP-OES/MS), 8 electrochemical methods, 9 cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry (CVAAS) 10 and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS). 11 However, these methods are not sufficiently sensitive for the direct determination of mercury in complicated matrices. Therefore, the development of methods for the separation and preconcentration of Hg 2+ is necessary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient and selective extraction and determination of ultra trace amounts of Hg²⁺ using solid phase extraction combined with ion pair based surfactant-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction

et al. 2015

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Determination of mercury in gasoline diluted in ethanol by GF AAS after cold vapor generation, pre-concentration in gold column and trapping on graphite tube

Cited by 27 publications

References 15 publications

Hg Speciation in Petroleum Hydrocarbons with Emphasis on the Reactivity of Hg Particles

Hg Speciation in Petroleum Hydrocarbons with Emphasis on the Reactivity of Hg Particles

Determination of As, Se, and Hg in fuel samples by in-chamber chemical vapor generation ICP OES using a Flow Blurring® multinebulizer

Efficient and selective extraction and determination of ultra trace amounts of Hg²⁺ using solid phase extraction combined with ion pair based surfactant-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction

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Determination of mercury in gasoline diluted in ethanol by GF AAS after cold vapor generation, pre-concentration in gold column and trapping on graphite tube

Cited by 27 publications

References 15 publications

Hg Speciation in Petroleum Hydrocarbons with Emphasis on the Reactivity of Hg Particles

Hg Speciation in Petroleum Hydrocarbons with Emphasis on the Reactivity of Hg Particles

Determination of As, Se, and Hg in fuel samples by in-chamber chemical vapor generation ICP OES using a Flow Blurring® multinebulizer

Efficient and selective extraction and determination of ultra trace amounts of Hg2+ using solid phase extraction combined with ion pair based surfactant-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction

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Product

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Efficient and selective extraction and determination of ultra trace amounts of Hg²⁺ using solid phase extraction combined with ion pair based surfactant-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction