Determination of melamine and cyanuric acid in human urine by a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

Mengqi, Zhang; Li, Shuijun; Yu, Chengyin; Liu, Gangyi; Jia, Jingying; Lü, Chuan; He, Jian; Ma, Yuhan; Zhu, Jie; Chen, Yu

doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.01.020

Cited by 49 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…19 A wide range of urinary melamine concentrations from nondetection up to approximately 2000 mg/mmol was found in infants or children who were exposed to melamine-tainted milk in China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong (Supplemental Table 10). [20][21][22][23] Our previous study has suggested that the half-life of melamine excretion in human urine is relatively short, approximately 6 h. 10 This study further demonstrated that the exposure pattern in melamine workers, particularly manufacturers, showed an accelerating increase in the afternoon and then slightly declined the next morning, and finally sharply decreased during the weekend. Thus, the low-melamine concentrations in urine of affected children in previous studies were probably due to delayed urine collection.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Ambient Melamine Exposure and Urinary Biomarkers of Early Renal Injury

Peng

Liu

et al. 2015

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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Information about environmental exposure to melamine and renal injury in adults is lacking. We investigated this relationship in 44 workers at two melamine tableware manufacturing factories in Taiwan (16 manufacturers, eight grinders, ten packers, and ten administrators) and 105 nonexposed workers (controls) at one shipbuilding company who were enrolled in August-December of 2012. For melamine workers, personal and area air samples were obtained at the worksite over 1 workweek (Monday-Friday). In the same week, pre-and post-shift one-spot urine samples were collected each workday and one first-spot urine sample was collected on each weekend morning and the following Monday morning. For each control, a one-spot urine sample was collected on Friday morning. A blood sample was also obtained from each participant at this time. Melamine levels were measured in air, urine, and serum, and early renal injury biomarkers were measured in urine. Urinary melamine concentrations in manufacturers increased sharply between pre-and post-shift measurements on Monday, remained significantly elevated throughout the workweek, and decreased over the weekend; changes in urinary melamine concentrations were substantially lower for other melamine workers. Manufacturers were exposed to the highest concentrations of ambient melamine and had significantly higher urinary and serum melamine concentrations than did the controls (P,0.001). Urinary melamine levels were positively associated with urinary N-acetyl b-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) levels but not microalbumin levels, and the detectable b2-microglobulin rate increased in the manufacturers group. In conclusion, ambient melamine exposure may increase the levels of urinary biomarkers of renal tubular injury in this occupational setting.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Ambient Melamine Exposure and Urinary Biomarkers of Early Renal Injury

Peng

Liu

et al. 2015

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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“…The selected ion monitoring mode (SIM) was used for quantification and full scan mode for further identification (Litzau et at, 2008). LC-MS/MS has many applications in MEL analysis in food, feed and urine (Andersen et al, 2008;Somker & Krynitsky, 2008;Cheng et al, 2009a;Ibáñez et al, 2009;Zhang et al, 2010;Lutter et al, 2011) LC is suitable for the separation of polar MEL, and double stage mass (MS/MS) analysis provides high selectivity and sensitivity, with a reported detection limit range from 0.01 to 0.1 µg/g.…”

Section: Selective Quantitative Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Analyzing Melamine

Cheng¹,

Wang²

2012

Tandem Mass Spectrometry - Applications and Principles

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“…Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) 21 or tandem mass spectrometry using the triple quadrupole mass analysers (LC-MS/MS) has been employed as a sensitive technique for determination of CA residues in pet food 22 and infant formula samples, 23 fish and shrimp tissues, 24 kidney tissue, 25 and human urine. 21,26 CA was detected using the electrospray ionisation [21][22][23][24]26 or atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation 25 in negative ion mode.…”

Section: Cyanuric Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applicability of Liquid Chromatography with Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometric Detection for Determination of Cyanuric Acid in Soil

Stipičević¹,

Mendaš²,

Vuletić³

et al. 2013

Croat. Chem. Acta

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Abstract. Cyanuric acid (2,4,6-trihydroxy-1,3,5-triazine, CA) is a highly polar and hydrophilic degradation product of symmetric triazine herbicides, fairly stable under environmental conditions. We investigated the applicability of reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-ToF-MS) for qualitative and quantitative determination of CA in soils of different origin and pedological characteristics. CA was ultrasonically extracted from soils either with a mixture of acetone and n-hexane (volume ratio = 2 : 1) or with methanol and analysed on a LiChrospher 100 CN column with ψ(acetonitrile,water) = 50 : 50 as the mobile phase for isocratic elution. The efficiency and selectivity of LC-ToF-MS determination, using the electrospray ionisation in negative mode and selective monitoring of deprotonated CA molecule (m/z 128), was evaluated with respect to injection volume, extracting solvent, and possible soil matrix interferences. The advantage of LC-ToF-MS over conventional HPLC with UVdiode array detection was the high ion detection selectivity minimising the interferences of coeluting species and the unambiguous identification of CA in soil extracts by accurate mass measurements of deprotonated molecule. (doi: 10.5562/cca2109)

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Determination of melamine and cyanuric acid in human urine by a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

Cited by 49 publications

References 13 publications

Ambient Melamine Exposure and Urinary Biomarkers of Early Renal Injury

Ambient Melamine Exposure and Urinary Biomarkers of Early Renal Injury

Application of Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Analyzing Melamine

Applicability of Liquid Chromatography with Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometric Detection for Determination of Cyanuric Acid in Soil

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