Determination of Macrolide Antimicrobials in Infant Formulas Using a Modified Alkaline QuEChERS and High-performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Quantitative analysis of erythromycin, its major metabolite and clarithromycin in chicken tissues and eggs via QuEChERS extraction coupled with ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

“…Compared with the LLE and SPE methods, QuEChERS is inexpensive, consumes low levels of reagents, saves time, and achieves relatively high recovery and precision ( Xu et al, 2021 ). The combination of QuEChERS and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry has been widely used in MAC residual analysis ( Campanharo et al, 2023 , Du et al, 2021 , de Mendonça Pereira et al, 2021 , Xu et al, 2021 ). Du et al (2021) developed a QuEChERS method using multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as the adsorbent, and 11 MACs in animal tissues and eggs were detected via ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS).…”

“…The method obtained the best extraction recovery. de Mendonça Pereira et al (2021) established a QuEChERS method combined with HPLC–MS/MS for the simultaneous determination of 5 MACs in infant formulas produced from bovine milk. Compared with the HPLC–MS/MS method, UHPLC–MS/MS has the advantages of fast analysis speed, strong separation capacity, high sensitivity, and less reagent consumption ( Du et al, 2021 ).…”