Determination of low levels of free fibres of chrysotile in contaminated soils by X-ray diffraction and FTIR spectroscopy

Foresti, Elisabetta; Gazzano, Massimo; Gualtieri, Alessandro; Lesci, Isidoro Giorgio; Lunelli, Bruno; Pecchini, G.; Renna, E.; Roveri, Norberto

doi:10.1007/s00216-003-1965-3

Cited by 35 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…Thus dioctahedral minerals absorb in the 950-800 cm À1 region while the OH absorption of trioctahedral minerals is shifted to lower frequencies in the 700-600 cm À1 range [14] correspondingly a strong band is observed at 610 cm À1 in the present study. A weak band observed at 482 cm À1 being attributed to the bending vibrations of SiO 4 tetrahedral, respectively [9,13,[15][16][17]. The sharpness of OH absorptions at 3648 and 610 cm À1 indicates that chrysotile has a relatively ordered structure.…”

Section: Infrared Spectral Analysismentioning

confidence: 98%

Spectroscopic characterization of natural chrysotile

Anbalagan

Sivakumar

Prabhakaran³

et al. 2010

Vibrational Spectroscopy

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Section: Infrared Spectral Analysismentioning

confidence: 98%

Spectroscopic characterization of natural chrysotile

Anbalagan

Sivakumar

Prabhakaran³

et al. 2010

Vibrational Spectroscopy

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“…According to Davies et al (1996), FTIR is not a sensitive method for quantifying asbestos in loose aggregates and does not produce useful results when multi-component mixtures are analyzed. Oppositely, a positive report is provided by Foresti et al (2003) who described the application of the FTIR linear calibration curve method for the determination of low levels (0.01-1 wt%) of free fibers of chrysotile in contaminated clayey, sandy and sandy-organic soils. The detection limit of 0.01 wt% was reached with an enrichment of free fibers of chrysotile in the samples using a standard laboratory elutriator for sedimentation analysis.…”

Section: Accuracy Of Results From the Various Experimental Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The intensity of the absorption band at 3697 cm -1 , the stretching vibration of chrysotile non-hydrogen-bonded OH - (Farmer 1974), was measured and plotted vs. the added chrysotile weight percent. It is assumed that the detection limit is 0.01 wt% (Foresti et al 2003). This procedure is rather straightforward when no interference phases such as serpentine polymorphs and chlorite are present [see for example Balducci and Valerio (1986)].…”

Section: Infrared Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the concentration of asbestos minerals in highly contaminated mine tailings: An example from abandoned mine waste of Cretaz and Emarese (Valle d'Aosta, Italy)

Gualtieri

Pollastri

Gandolfi

et al. 2014

American Mineralogist

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For the first time, this work reports concentration maps of asbestos minerals in contaminated mine tailings drawn using the results of Rietveld quantitative phase analysis (QPA). The investigated sites are located in the Valle d’Aosta region (Italy): Crètaz, the most important Italian magnetite mine, active until 1979 and Emarèse, one the most important chrysotile asbestos mines in Italy, active until 1968. The results of the study permit to draw the spatial distribution of the asbestos (chrysotile and tremolite in this specific case) concentration, useful to plan reclamation of the sites, with priority given to the areas with the highest asbestos concentration. Because of the complexity of the mineral assemblage, which includes, among the others, antigorite, chlorite, talc, and tremolite, the concentration of chrysotile was cross-checked using different experimental techniques such as X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), polarized light optical microscopy (PCOM), and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The accuracy of the results was validated by analyzing standard samples with known concentrations of chrysotile and tremolite. The comparison allowed to point out the advantages and disadvantages of each experimental method.\ud \ud At Crètaz, chrysotile ranges from 4.4 to 22.8 wt% and tremolite from 1.0 to 10.3 wt%, whereas at Emarèse the concentration of chrysotile varies from 3.3 to 39.5 wt% and tremolite from 5.9 to 12.4 wt%. Antigorite and chlorite are the major accompanying phases with variable amounts of other accessory minerals including magnetite, carbonates, talc, olivine, pyroxene, talc, and brucite. The results of our study are of key importance for the local environmental policies as the knowledge of the spatial distribution of the asbestos concentration allows to plan a detailed reclamation agenda of the contaminated sites. The spots with the highest surface contamination of both chrysotile and tremolite were identified and classified as priority areas in the reclamation plan

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“…For instance, studies have shown that high-grade chrysotile asbestos can be used to produce pure magnesium compounds or hydrated silica (Kim and Chung, 2003;Wypych et al, 2005;Cheng and Hsu, 2006;Wang et al, 2006). Other researchers have tried to use asbestos as a fused magnesium phosphate (fertilizer) additive (Huang, 1953), for stearic acid adsorption (Berkheiser, 1982), for carbon dioxide sequestration (Schulze et al, 2004;Lin et al, 2008;Pronost et al, 2012), and even as a lubrication additive (Foresti et al, 2003;Lyubimov et al, 2011;Qi et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

High-Temperature Transformation of Asbestos Tailings by Carbothermal Reduction

Huang

Pan

et al. 2013

Clays and clay miner.

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The production and industrial use of asbestos cement and other asbestos-containing materials have been restricted in most countries because of the potential detrimental effects on human health and the environment. Chrysotile is the most common form of asbestos and investigations into how to recycle this serpentine phyllosilicate mineral have attracted extensive attention. Chrysotile asbestos tailings can be transformed thermally, at high temperature, by in situ carbothermal reduction (CR). The CR method aims to maximize use of the chrysotile available and uses high temperatures and carbon to change the mineral form and structure of the chrysotile asbestos tailings. When chrysotile asbestos is employed as the raw material and coke (carbon) powder is used as the reducing agent for CR transformation, stable, hightemperature composites consisting of forsterite, stishovite, and silicon carbide are formed. Forsterite (Mg 2 SiO 4 ) was the most abundant crystalline phase formed in samples heat treated below 1500ºC. At 1600ºC, forsterite was exhausted through decomposition and b-SiC formed by reduction of stishovite. A larger proportion of b-SiC was generated as the carbon content was increased. This research revealed that both temperature and carbon addition play key roles in the transformation of chrysotile asbestos tailings.

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Determination of low levels of free fibres of chrysotile in contaminated soils by X-ray diffraction and FTIR spectroscopy

Cited by 35 publications

References 13 publications

Spectroscopic characterization of natural chrysotile

Spectroscopic characterization of natural chrysotile

Determination of the concentration of asbestos minerals in highly contaminated mine tailings: An example from abandoned mine waste of Cretaz and Emarese (Valle d'Aosta, Italy)

High-Temperature Transformation of Asbestos Tailings by Carbothermal Reduction

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