Determination of levofloxacin and norfloxacin by capillary electrophoresis with electrochemiluminescence detection and applications in human urine

Abstract

A novel method for the determination of norfloxacin (NOR) and levofloxacin (LVX) was developed by CE separation and electrochemiluminesence detection (ECL). The methods for capillary conditioning and the effect of solvent type were studied. Parameters affecting the CE and ECL were also investigated. Under the optimum conditions, the two analytes were well separated within 9 min. The LODs (S/N = 3) in standard solution are 4.8 x 10(-7) mol/L for NOR and 6.4 x 10(-7) mol/L for LVX, respectively. The precisions of intraday and interday are less than 4.2 and 8.1%, respectively. The LOQs (S/N = 10) in real human urine samples are 1.2 x 10(-6) mol/L for NOR and 1.4 x 10(-6) mol/L for LVX, respectively. The applicability of the proposed method was illustrated in the determination of NOR and LVX in human urine samples and the monitoring of pharmacokinetics for NOR. The recoveries of NOR and LVX at different levels in human urine samples were between 84.3 and 92.3%.

Electrochemiluminescence from tris(2,2′-bipyridyl) ruthenium (II) in the presence of aminocarboxylic acid co-reactants

“…The present aminocarboxylic acids, especially NTA, are potential co-reactants in the field of the ECL analysis of biomolecules. The results present an ideal that high pH detection buffer can be used to improve ECL sensitivity after the separation of the analytes [39,40] . A sensitive method to detect aminocarboxylic acids using Ru(bpy) 3 2+ ECL was also achieved in this work.…”

Sensitive determination of epinephrine in pharmaceutical preparation by flow injection coupled with chemiluminescence detection and mechanism study

“…UV detection is most commonly used in FIA, but the concentration limit of detection (LOD) is relatively high. In comparison with these detection modes, chemiluminescence (CL) detection has been proven to be one of the most powerful techniques for the analysis of various analytes including metal ions (19,20), biological matrices (21)(22)(23)(24)(25), and pharmaceutical preparations (26,27) owing to its high sensitivity and simplicity, and has been used in the determination of EP (28)(29)(30). Analytical procedures applying CL detection in FIA setups integrated the advantages of simplicity, rapidity and reproducibility, and were appropriate for on-line analysis (31,32).…”

Simultaneous determination of methylephedrine and pseudoephedrine in human urine by CE with electrochemiluminescence detection and its application to pharmacokeinetics

“…ECL detection based on tris-(2,2′-bipyridyl)-ruthenium [Ru(bpy) 3 2+ ], due to its high sensitivity and selectivity, has received considerable attention (Tokel and Bard, 1972;Yin et al, 2004;Miao, 2008). CE coupled with ECL specially for Ru(bpy) 3 2+ system have been successfully demonstrated in analysis of drugs (Hsieh and Whang, 2006;Huang et al, 2007;Liu et al, 2008b), amino acids (Li et al, 2006) and proteins (Li et al, 2007).…”