Determination of levels of organochlorine pesticide residues in some common grown and consumed vegetables purchased from Ho Municipal markets, Ghana

Organochlorine Pesticides in Soil–Groundwater–Plant System in a Famous Agricultural Production Area in China: Spatial Distribution, Source Identification and Migration Prediction

“…OCPs can be divided into two categories: one is chlorobenzene and its derivatives, such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDTs), hexachlorocyclohexane (HCHs) and hexachlorobenzene, and the other is organochlorine pesticides based on cyclopentadiene, including chlordane, heptachlor, endosulfan and so on [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. OCPs have the characteristics of low volatility, stable chemical properties, not easy to decompose, long residue period, insoluble in water, soluble in fat and organic solvents, high persistence, bioaccumulation and biotoxicity [10][11][12][13][14][15]. Organochlorine pesticides are chemically stable and persist in the environment for a long time, with high residue, high enrichment and strong toxicity to organisms.…”

“…Although OCPs were widely banned in the 1970s and 1980s, they were still common in soil and groundwater [2][3][4][5], surface water [6][7][8][9], the atmosphere [17,18], ocean [19][20][21][22][23], river sediments [24], lakes [25], lake sediments [26], marine sediments [27], wetlands [28], snow [29], agricultural areas [30] and other environments. OCPs in animals [11,12], plants [12,13] and other organisms were detected, and human health was affected [14,15]. The related study focuses on spatial distribution, source identification, ecological effect, determination methods [31][32][33], degradation and removal methods [34][35][36], monitoring [37] and transport simulation [38,39], which is a hotspot in the field of environmental study.…”