Determination of Level of Heavy Metals, Al-Quran Memorization and Intelligence Quotient (IQ) Among Tahfiz Students in Selangor

Abstract

Sekolah tahfiz merupakan institusi yang mengkhususkan pendidikan kepada pelajar yang boleh menghafaz serta mengingati keseluruhan al-Quran. Aktiviti menghafaz al-Quran dengan teknik pengucapan berulang kali akan membantu meningkatkan keupayaan otak untuk memproses, mengingati maklumat dan membina memori. Kehadiran logam berat akan memberi kesan kepada sistem saraf serta mengganggu fungsi sistem saraf pusat dan periferi di mana akan seterusnya menyebabkan berlakunya kecelaan fungsi mental dan kognitif. Keupayaan untuk belajar, mengingati atau menghafaz, penggunaan bahasa dan untuk memahami sesuatu akan terganggu serta mengurangkan IQ dan perhatian. Kajian keratan rentas telah dilakukan bagi mengukur dan mengenal pasti hubungan di antara tahap logam berat, hafazan al-Quran dan tahap kecerdasan (IQ) dalam kalangan pelajar di sekolah tahfiz berbanding sekolah bukan tahfiz terpilih di Selangor. Kepekatan logam berat ditentukan melalui analisa sampel kuku dan rambut pelajar dengan menggunakan Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Ujian kecerdasan Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale Edisi Kedua (WASI-II) digunakan untuk mengukur IQ pelajar. Borang soal selidik yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data demografik dianalisa menggunakan SPSS versi 23.0. Berdasarkan ujian korelasi Pearson yang dilakukan, terdapat korelasi negatif yang sangat lemah tetapi signifikan antara logam mangan dalam sampel rambut dengan tahap hafazan al-Quran (r =-0.178, p = 0.017). Selain itu, terdapat korelasi positif yang lemah tetapi signifikan antara IQ dengan tahap hafazan al-Quran (r = 0.375, p = < 0.001). Kesimpulannya, semakin tinggi kepekatan logam mangan akan menyebabkan penurunan tahap hafazan al-Quran serta apabila semakin tinggi tahap hafazan al-Quran akan menyebabkan tahap kecerdasan (IQ) juga semakin meningkat.

The Impact of Listening to, Reciting, or Memorizing the Quran on Physical and Mental Health of Muslims: Evidence From Systematic Review

“…One study assessed the effect of reciting the al- Quran on behaviors of mind [ 5 ]. Meanwhile, seven studies assessed the effect of memorizing al- Quran on memory capacity [ 23 ], health status [ 8 ] depression [ 28 ], brain tissue [ 29 ], QoL [ 22 ] and intelligent quotient (IQ) [ 24 , 26 ].…”

“…Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) [ 13 , 15 , 28 ], standard health questionnaire [ 8 , 20 ], Pittsburgh sleep quality index [ 14 ], physiological parameters [ 16 , 19 ], Spielberger’s State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) [ 12 ], depression, anxiety and stress score (DASS) [ 18 ], World Health Organization QoL (WHOQoL) [ 21 ], Wechsler Memory Scale III [ 23 ], magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [ 29 ], electroencephalogram (EEG) [ 5 , 27 ], European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer C30 Scale Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC C30 Scale QLQ) [ 25 ], Short Form-36 QoL (SF-36) [ 22 ] and Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence II (WASI II) [ 24 , 26 ] were used as the outcome measures for each study. Details on the assessments and outcome measures are presented in Table 2 .…”

“…For JBI critical checklist for observational studies, six studies clearly defined the inclusion criteria [ 8 , 22 – 24 , 28 , 29 ], whereas the other two studies were unclear [ 26 ] and no inclusion criteria mentioned [ 25 ]. All studies described the subjects and settings in detail, the exposures were measured in a valid and reliable manner, and the condition was measured using standard criteria.…”

“…Memorizing the Quran has the potential to improve the QoL as well as mental and physical health among Tahfiz students [ 22 ]. The higher the level of Quran memorization, the higher the level of IQ [ 24 , 26 ].…”

“…This systematic review involved 2,566 participants for articles published between inceptions and April 2021. The study designs were RCT or experimental studies (n = 7) [5,[12][13][14][15][16]26], quasiexperimental studies (n = 5) [17][18][19][20][21] and observational studies (n = 8) [8,[22][23][24][25][26]28, 29] (Table1).…”