Determination of leukocytosis in traumatic spinal tap specimens

Mayefsky, Jay H.; Roghmann, Klaus J.

doi:10.1016/0002-9343(87)90221-x

Cited by 47 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In flow cytometric absolute cell counting of blood contaminated CSF samples, correction of the number of leukocytes has to be performed. We prefer to use the leukocyte/erythrocyte ratio in peripheral blood for correction (94), because this method accounts for a patient's individual situation. Alternatively, the CSF leukocyte number may be arbitrarily adjusted by correction according to the CSF erythrocyte count, which results in a correction of 1 leukocyte per 500 erythrocytes present in CSF (95,96).…”

Section: Blood Contaminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow cytometric characterization of cerebrospinal fluid cells

Graaf

Jongste

Kraan

et al. 2011

Cytometry Part B Clinical

120

115

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Flow cytometry facilitates the detection of a large spectrum of cellular characteristics on a per cell basis, determination of absolute cell numbers and detection of rare events with high sensitivity and specificity. White blood cell (WBC) counts in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are important for the diagnosis of many neurological disorders. WBC counting and differential can be performed by microscopy, hematology analyzers, or flow cytometry. Flow cytometry of CSF is increasingly being considered as the method of choice in patients suspected of leptomeningeal localization of hematological malignancies. Additionally, in several neuroinflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis and paraneoplastic neurological syndromes, flow cytometry is commonly performed to obtain insight into the immunopathogenesis of these diseases. Technically, the low cellularity of CSF samples, combined with the rapidly declining WBC viability, makes CSF flow cytometry challenging. Comparison of flow cytometry with microscopic and molecular techniques shows that each technique has its own advantages and is ideally combined. We expect that increasing the number of flow cytometric parameters that can be simultaneously studied within one sample, will further refine the information on CSF cell subsets in low-cellular CSF samples and enable to define cell populations more accurately. V C 2011 International Clinical Cytometry Society

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Section: Blood Contaminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow cytometric characterization of cerebrospinal fluid cells

Graaf

Jongste

Kraan

et al. 2011

Cytometry Part B Clinical

120

115

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show abstract

“…For this reason, a number of rules have been published that attempt to adjust the concentration of leukocytes observed in blood-contaminated CSF specimens by corrections based on cell counts in blood and CSF. [2][3][4][5][6] To date, the match between observed total leukocytes in blood-contaminated CSF and predictions based on published adjustment rules has not been studied adequately. Studies are needed to ascertain the accuracy of published rules to determine whether to rely on these heuristics for diagnosis and for clinical management.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A poor fit, however, would cast serious doubt on the validity of published rules for diagnosis and management, particularly, among cases with ambiguous findings in CSF. Because previously reported rules for adjusting total leukocytes in CSF both miss and overdiagnose bacterial meningitis, [3][4][5]7,8 there is also a need to explore adjustments for other tests like the percent of neutrophils in CSF that have the potential to minimize misdiagnosis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrections for Leukocytes and Percent of Neutrophils Do Not Match Observations in Blood-Contaminated Cerebrospinal Fluid and Have No Value Over Uncorrected Cells for Diagnosis

Bonsu¹,

Harper²

2006

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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“…Traumatic or bloody LPs have been defined as those in which the CSF contains more than 200, 500, or 1000 red blood cells (RBCs) per microliter. 5,[13][14][15]28,29 Reported incidences range from 8% to 19%, depending on the population studied and the definition used. 14,30,31 Risk factors for traumatic and bloody LP have not been systematically identified.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors for Traumatic and Bloody Lumbar Puncture in Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Howard

Gajjar²,

Cheng³

et al. 2002

JAMA

141

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The unmodifiable risk factors for traumatic and bloody LP include black race, age younger than 1 year, a traumatic or bloody previous LP performed within the past 2 weeks, and a previous LP performed when the platelet count was 50 x 10(3)/ microL or less. Modifiable risk factors include procedural factors reflected in treatment era, platelet count of 100 x 10(3)/ microL or less, an interval of 15 days or less between LPs, and a less experienced practitioner.

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Determination of leukocytosis in traumatic spinal tap specimens

Cited by 47 publications

References 7 publications

Flow cytometric characterization of cerebrospinal fluid cells

Flow cytometric characterization of cerebrospinal fluid cells

Corrections for Leukocytes and Percent of Neutrophils Do Not Match Observations in Blood-Contaminated Cerebrospinal Fluid and Have No Value Over Uncorrected Cells for Diagnosis

Risk Factors for Traumatic and Bloody Lumbar Puncture in Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

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