Determination of lead and cadmium by atomic absorption spectrometry coupled with slurry sampling of carbonized samples: Use of palladium-bearing activated carbon as a matrix modifier

Determination of cadmium and lead in fresh meat by slurry sampling graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

“…The correlation coefficient (R), the characteristic mass (m 0 ), limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) defined as the analyte concentration corresponding to an integrated absorbance signal equal to three times and ten times the standard deviation of the blank, respectively, obtained for lead and cadmium are also shown in Table 3. The characteristic mass values, LOD and LOQ are in agreement with literature values for both analytes, 32,33 and lower than the maximum levels of 0.20 and 0.10 mg kg À1 for lead and cadmium, respectively, in bovine, pig, and equine meat established by the Brazilian regulations. 3…”

Direct and rapid determination of ultratrace heavy metals in solid plant materials by ET‐AAS ultrasonic‐assisted slurry sampling

“…They present a hydrophobic behaviour, so wetting and dispersing agents are usually used in the liquid slurry media to get homogeneous suspensions. The most frequent agents used are ethanol, glycerol (Takuwa et al, 1997), tetramethylammonium hydroxide (Silva et al, 2003) and Triton X-100 (Bendicho and de Loos-Volleberg, 1991;Cal-Prieto et al, 2002;Amin et al, 2003;Burylin et al, 2006).…”

“…The sample treatment step is simplifi ed and shortened, the reagent consumption is diminished and the performance characteristics are improved. Because of its advantageous characteristics, this kind of sample preparation and analysis has received considerable attention in the last two decades (Bendicho and de Loos-Volleberg, 1991;Cal-Prieto et al, 2002;Burylin et al, 2006;Silva et al, 2006). Other important advantages are the increase of analysis speed and sensitivity, the use of small sample amounts and a lesser risk of contamination and loss of analyte (Cal-Prieto et al, 2002;Vale et al, 2006;Silva et al, 2006).…”

Slurry Sampling—An Analytical Strategy for the Determination of Metals and Metalloids by Spectroanalytical Techniques

“…Several researchers have analyzed slurries against sample-matched matrixes employing certified reference materials (CRM) (25,(49)(50)(51)(52)(53). This calibration mode can be applied in two different ways: (1) use of several CRMs of identical/comparable nature with variable analyte concentrations and (2) An electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometric procedure for zinc determination in animal tissues was proposed by Muñoz-Delgado et al (52).…”