Determination of lamivudine and stavudine in pharmaceutical preparations using chemometrics-assisted spectrophotometry

Abstract

A simple chemometrics-assisted spectrophotometric method for the simultaneous determination of lamivudine and stavudine in pharmaceutical tablets is described. The UV absorption spectra of the studied drugs, in the range of 200-310 nm, showed a considerable degree of spectral overlapping ([Di ](0.5) = 94.9%). Resolution of the mixture has been accomplished by using classical least-squares regression analysis (CLS) and principle components regression analysis methods (PCR). Beer's law was obeyed for both drugs in the general concentration ranges of 2-12 and 3-15 μg ml(-1) for lamivudine and stavudine, respectively. The proposed methods were successfully applied for the determination of the two drugs in laboratory prepared mixtures. The overall recoveries percent were found 98.58 ± 1.53-101.30 ± 1.35 (CLS) and 98.62 ± 1.65-101.13 ± 1.04 (PCR) for lamivudine and 98.43 ± 1.62-99.42 ± 1.55 (CLS) and 98.23 ± 1.97-101.20 ± 1.79 (PCR) for stavudine, respectively. The commercial tablets percentage content was found 98.10 ± 2.5-102.47 ± 2.94 (CLS) and 99.12 ± 1.71-100.92 ± 1.54 (PCR) for lamivudine and 96.00 ± 2.94-98.17 ± 1.72 (CLS) and 97.40 ± 1.55-97.80 ± 1.92 (PCR) for stavudine, respectively. Good percentage recoveries and proper statistical data obtained with both the laboratory prepared mixtures and the commercial tablets proved the suitability and efficiency of the proposed procedures for routine analysis and quality control purposes with quite satisfactory precision. A comparison of the obtained results from CLS and PCR were also performed with those obtained from reported method. The obtained F- and t-values obtained indicating no significant differences between the results of the proposed and reported methods.

The employment of UV-spectroscopy combined with multivariate calibration for analysis of paracetamol, Propyphenazone and caffeine

“…These spectra showed an extensive overlapping which limited the determination of these drugs using UV spectroscopy, simultaneously. Fortunately, some chemometrics techniques like multivariate calibration of partial least square (PLS) are developed to overcome this problem (Mohamed and Mikre, 2009;Rohman et al, 2015). Analysis of drugs in multicomponent system aided with multivariate calibration is done in three separate steps, namely calibration, validation, and analysis of unknown samples.…”

Simultaneous Determination of Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim Using UV Spectroscopy in Combination with Multivariate Calibration

“…Some efforts have been made by some researches to solve this problems such as the use of spectral treatment of derivative spectrophotometry (Palabiyik et al, 2004;Tomsu et al, 2004;Markopoulou et al, 2004), the use of H-point standard addition methods to overcome the problems of interference due to the partial spectral overlapping (Sabry and Khamis, 2000). Multivariate calibration using principle component regression and partial least square are the common methods used to overcome the extensive overlapping of spectra which allow to facilitate the calibration between response and concentration of analytes (Marwada et al, 2014;Rohman, 2012;Mohamed and Mikre, 2009).…”

A Simple and Highly Sensitive Method for Quantitative Detection of Methyl Paraben and Phenol in Cosmetics Using Derivative Spectrophotometry and Multivariate Chemometric Techniques

“…The increasing interest in developing fast, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly methods has led to alternative analytical methods based on chemometrics . Most simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of components are currently being performed using multivariate calibration methods . Such methods have gained widespread acceptance in the analytical laboratory because they have the ability to obtain results rapidly with reasonable accuracy by eliminating the necessity of time‐consuming and tedious separations.…”

“…12,13 Most simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of components are currently being performed using multivariate calibration methods. 11,14 Such methods have gained widespread acceptance in the analytical laboratory because they have the ability to obtain results rapidly with reasonable accuracy by eliminating the necessity of time-consuming and tedious separations. These methods are effective tools in the simultaneous determination of different analytes because they can extract chemical information from the analytical signals.…”