Determination of iodine in human nails via epithermal neutron activation analysis

Spate, V. L.; Morris, J. S.; Chickos, S.; Baskett, C. K.; Mason, M. M.; Cheng, Thomas C.; Reams, C. L.; West, Clark D.; Furnee, C.; Willett, Walter C.; Horn‐Ross, Pamela L.

doi:10.1007/bf02036469

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The dry food samples were analysed as received by uniformly mixing and then gravimetrically transferring aliquots (approximately 0.75 g) to HDPE vials. All samples were then analysed in duplicate by EINAA using the method previously reported by Spate et al. (1995).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The feline iodine requirement is lower than the 2006 NRC recommended allowance

Wedekind

Blumer

Huntington

et al. 2009

Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition

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The purpose of this study was to determine the iodine (I) requirement in adult cats. Forty-two healthy euthyroid cats (1.6-13.6 years old) were utilized in a randomized complete block design. Cats were fed a dry basal diet (0.23 mg/kg I) for a minimum of 1 month (pre-test) then switched to a different basal diet supplemented with seven levels of KI for 1 year (experimental period). Analysed I concentrations were 0.17, 0.23, 0.47, 1.1, 3.1, 6.9 and 8.8 mg I/kg diet [dry matter (DM) basis] and used to construct a response curve. Response variables included I concentrations in serum, urine and faeces, urinary I:creatinine ratio, I balance, technetium(99m) pertechnetate (Tc(99m)) thyroid:salivary ratio, complete blood count and serum chemistries as well as serum thyroid hormone profiles. No significant changes in food intake, weight gain or clinical signs were noted. Serum I, daily urinary I, daily faecal I and urinary I:creatinine ratio were linear functions of iodine intake. An estimate of the I requirement (i.e. breakpoint) was determined from regression of Tc(99m) thyroid:salivary ratio (scintigraphy) on I intake at 12 months [0.46 mg I/kg diet (DM basis) as well as 9 months I balance (0.44 mg I/kg diet (DM)]. The I requirement estimate determined in our study at 12 months for adult cats (0.46 mg I/kg) was higher than current Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) recommendations (e.g. 0.35 mg I/kg), but was lower than the 2006 National Research Council (NRC) I recommended allowance (e.g. 1.4 mg I/kg).

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The feline iodine requirement is lower than the 2006 NRC recommended allowance

Wedekind

Blumer

Huntington

et al. 2009

Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition

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“…The majority of contrast agents are water-soluble, which helps avoid the phenomenon observed with lipophilic contrast agents, ie, storage in adipose tissue for a long time. Previous studies 27 , 28 showed that iodine may be retained for many years after contrast-enhanced CT. A recent study 25 have reported that the interval from contrast-enhanced CT to surgery is becoming shorter. The half-life of iodine is 10 hours, and the excess administered iodine is excreted in the urine quickly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

CT-detected solitary thyroid calcification: an important imaging feature for papillary carcinoma

Yang

Huang

Jing

et al. 2016

OTT

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PurposeTo evaluate computed tomography (CT) detection of solitary thyroid calcification for identifying thyroid papillary carcinoma and to determine whether the predictive ability changes when the size increases after enhancement.Materials and methodsCT scans on all 96 patients with thyroid nodules who underwent both enhanced CT examination of neck and thyroidectomy from 2014 to 2016 in the Shandong Cancer Hospital affiliated to Shandong University were reviewed. The cases without calcification and the cases with peripheral calcification, multiple coarse calcifications, or punctate calcification were excluded. Imaging features, including location and size of the lesions, were reviewed on plain and contrast-enhanced CT. The patients were grouped by histological results. The comparisons were evaluated by using Fisher’s exact test and binary logistic regression.ResultsThe study population consisted of 96 patients (74 females, 22 males; mean age 49.8±11.3 years). Papillary thyroid carcinoma was observed in both solitary calcified thyroid nodules (85.4%) and solely coarse calcifications surrounded by low-density focus (58.2%). The difference was significant (P=0.006). Of 64 patients with an amplification of lesions after contrast enhancement, 58 (90.6%) were diagnosed with a malignant lesion. At the same time, of the 32 patients with no increase in size, 10 (31.2%) were diagnosed with carcinoma and 22 (68.8%) with nodular goiter. This difference was significant (P<0.001), and after binary logistic regression, increasing size was an independent risk factor for cancer.ConclusionSolitary calcified thyroid nodules detected on CT represent a high risk for papillary thyroid carcinoma, especially when the size of the lesions increases after contrast- enhanced CT.

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“…However, there may be a concern regarding the use of iodinated contrast agents, which can compete with 131 I and interfere with subsequent postoperative radioiodine (RAI) therapy (25,26). It should be noted that the recommendations against performing enhanced CT seem to be based on studies conducted in the past when lipophilic contrast agents were in use, which tend to get stored in adipose tissues for long time (27,28). Whereas currently majority of centers use water-soluble ionic contrast agents, which are unlikely to be retained in extracellular fluids (29).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Diagnostic Role of Computed Tomography for ACR TI-RADS 4–5 Thyroid Nodules With Coarse Calcifications

et al. 2020

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Objectives: Coarse calcifications are prone to cause echo attenuation during ultrasonography (US) and hence affect the classification of benign and malignant nodules. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic role of computed tomography (CT) for differentiating the American College of Radiology (ACR) Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) 4-5 nodules with coarse calcifications. Methods: CT data of 216 ACR TI-RADS 4-5 nodules with coarse calcifications confirmed by surgery and pathology in 207 patients were analyzed retrospectively. Halo sign, artifacts, and CT values (i.e., Hounsfield unit) of the nodules were determined by two radiologists. Univariate analysis and binary logistic regression were used to determine the relationship of halo sign, artifact, and CT value with benign nodules. A predictive model for benign nodules with coarse calcifications was then constructed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of halo sign, artifact, CT value, and logistic regression model. Results: Of the 216 ACR TI-RADS 4-5 nodules with coarse calcifications, 170 were benign and 46 were malignant. There were 92 benign and 7 malignant nodules with halo sign (χ 2 = 22.067, P < 0.001), and 79 benign and 10 malignant nodules with artifacts (χ 2 = 9.140, P < 0.001). The CT values of benign and malignant nodules were 791 (543-1,025) Hu and 486 (406-670) Hu, respectively (Z = −5.394, P < 0.001). Binary logistic regression demonstrated that the halo sign, artifact, and CT value were independent predictors for benign nodules with coarse calcifications. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of halo sign, artifact, CT value and regression model for predicting benign nodules with coarse calcifications were 0.776, 0.711, 0.784, and 0.850, respectively, and the optimal threshold of CT value was 627.5 Hu. Conclusion: Halo sign, artifact, and CT value > 627.5 Hu were helpful for identifying ACR TI-RADS 4-5 thyroid benign nodules with coarse calcifications. Wei et al. CT Diagnose Thyroid Calcified Nodules The diagnostic performance of the logistic regression model was higher than that of any single indicator. Accurate identification of these indicators could identify benign nodules and reduce unnecessary surgical trauma.

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Determination of iodine in human nails via epithermal neutron activation analysis

Cited by 9 publications

References 4 publications

The feline iodine requirement is lower than the 2006 NRC recommended allowance

The feline iodine requirement is lower than the 2006 NRC recommended allowance

CT-detected solitary thyroid calcification: an important imaging feature for papillary carcinoma

The Diagnostic Role of Computed Tomography for ACR TI-RADS 4–5 Thyroid Nodules With Coarse Calcifications

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