Determination of in vitro dry matter, protein, and fiber digestibility and fermentability of novel corn coproducts for swine and ruminants

Abstract

New processes are being used in some dry-grind ethanol plants in the United States and Brazil to improve ethanol yield and efficiency of production while also providing nutritionally enhanced corn co-products compared with conventional corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS). The objectives of this study were to determine the chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of 5 conventional corn DDGS sources and 10 emerging novel corn co-products for swine and ruminants, and compare co-products produced using similar processes in the United States and Brazil. Chemical composition, on a dry matter (DM) basis, among the 15 co-products ranged from 18.5 to 54.7% for crude protein (CP), 12.3 to 51.4% for neutral detergent fiber (NDF), 1.6 to 8.6% for acid detergent fiber, 4.7 to 12.3% for ether extract, and 1.6 to 8.6% for ash. For swine, in vitro hydrolysis of DM and CP were greater (P < 0.01) for the 3 U.S. corn DDGS sources compared with the 2 Brazilian corn DDGS sources, but in vitro fermentability of DM was comparable (P > 0.05) among all sources except one U.S. DDGS source that had less fermentable DM. High protein and yeast dried distillers grains (Ultramax, UM; StillPro, SP) co-products also had comparable (P > 0.05) DM fermentability for swine, but UM co-products had greater (P < 0.01) DM and CP hydrolysis compared with SP. High protein distillers dried grains (HP-DDG) from Brazil had greater (P < 0.01) DM and CP hydrolysis, but less (P < 0.01) DM fermentability for swine than HP-DDG produced in the U.S, using the same process. For ruminants, total DM digestibility was greater (P < 0.01) in conventional DDGS sources from the U.S. compared with the 2 DDGS sources from Brazil. Total protein digestibility for ruminants was comparable and above 81% for all co-products except for a DDGS source from Brazil, a HP-DDG source from the U.S., and a UM sample. Interestingly, the corn fiber + solubles co-product had not only relatively high digestibility of NDF (67.9%), DM (91.6%), and total CP (81.9%) for ruminants, but it also had relatively high total tract digestibility of DM (86.2%) and CP (69.9%) for swine. These results suggest that nutrient digestibility of conventional DDGS sources produced in the U.S. appear to be greater than corn Brazilian DDGS sources, but new process technologies being implemented in ethanol and co-product production in both countries can enhance the nutritional value of corn co-products for both swine and ruminants.

Determination of apparent and standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids in corn HP-DDG fed to growing pigs

“…In the current study, the CP content in the ethanol industry co-product under study was equivalent to 44.4% and 40.4% on a dry matter and as-fed basis, respectively (Table 2). Other studies involving corn HP-DDG manufactured in Brazil reported similar protein values on a dry matter basis ranging from 46.5% to 45.1% CP (Palowski et al, 2021;Paula et al, 2021;Dias et al, 2023). Overall, our results suggest lower values for certain amino acids in corn HP-DDG compared to National Research Council (2012) on an as-fed basis, specifically, methionine (0.74% vs. 0.80%), threonine (1.61% vs. 1.90%), tryptophan (0.23% vs. 0.38%), and valine (2.15% vs. 2.19%).…”

Níveis de inclusão da fibra seca de milho com solúveis de destilaria e de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar em dietas para bovinos em terminação

“…Tradicionalmente os produtos resultantes do processo de extração do etanol de milho são os DDG (grãos destilados secos), DDGS (grãos destilados secos + solúveis), WDG (grãos destilados úmidos) e WDGS (grãos destilados úmidos + solúveis), além do CDS (solúveis condensados ou xarope), os quais têm sido extensivamente estudados e utilizados em dietas para bovinos terminados em confinamento nos EUA (KLOPFENSTEIN et al, 2008;NASEM, 2016). Atualmente, com mudanças no processo industrial para maior eficiência na produção de etanol, estão surgindo diferentes produtos no mercado além dos tradicionais, como a fibra seca de milho com solúveis de destilaria (dry bran/fiber plus solubles -DFS), a fibra úmida de milho com solúveis (wet bran/fiber plus solubles -WFS) e grãos destilado de alta proteína (high protein distillers grains -HPDG) (GARLAND, 2018;PALOWSKI et al, 2021).…”

“…As fontes de volumosos são usadas principalmente em dietas de terminação para a manutenção da saúde ruminal (OWENS et al, 1998, NAGARAJA e LECHTENBERG, 2007 e também para que possa ocorrer um estímulo ao consumo de matéria seca (GALYEAN e DEFOOR, 2003) e consumo de energia (ARELOVICH et al, 2008).…”

Estratégias de conservação do coproduto úmido da destilação do milho

“…Esse procedimento consiste em separar a parte fibrosa do grão de milho, previamente moído e cozido, antes da etapa de fermentação do amido. A fibra extraída nesse processo é combinada com os solúveis condensados, extraídos durante a centrifugação da vinhaça, que é obtida após a destilação (Palowski et al, 2021). Isso resulta na produção de um coproduto denominado Farelo ou Fibra úmida de destilaria com solúveis (Wet Distillers Bran plus Solubles -WDBS).…”