Determination of hydrogen sulfide, carbonyl sulfide, carbon disulfide, and sulfur dioxide in gases and hydrocarbon streams by gas chromatography/flame photometric detection

Pearson, C.D.; Hines, W. J. W.

doi:10.1021/ac50009a038

Cited by 44 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…A Tracor gas chromatograph (GC), equipped with a flame photometric detector and a 394 + 5 nm band-pass filter, along with a Spectra Physics SP4100 programmable integrator were employed to identify and quantify mixing ratios of OCS and CS•_. Separation of these sulfur gases was accomplished by using a column made of specially treated Porapak-QS-packed Teflon tubing [Thornsberry, 1971' Pearson andHines, 1977]. Analytical Instrument Development permeation tubes were used as primary standards for OCS and CS2 because the actual rates of emission were determined by weight loss over time, using a microanalytical balance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of OCS and CS₂ in the free troposphere

Carroll¹

1985

J. Geophys. Res.

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Distributions of the ambient atmospheric mixing ratios of OCS and CS2 were determined from grab samples collected at altitudes ranging from 6 to 8 km (20,000 to 26,000 feet) during an aircraft flight between San Juan, Puerto Rico, and Albany, New York (July 11–12, 1982). No spatial variation is observed for OCS mixing ratios at these altitudes and latitudes within the uncertainty of the collection and analysis techniques. The average OCS mixing ratio is 517±65 pptv, where the standard deviation includes atmospheric as well as experimental variability. CS2 values, on the other hand, show considerable spatial variability that may be correlated with intense local cumulonimbus activity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of OCS and CS₂ in the free troposphere

Carroll¹

1985

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…Cepas Raw Signal (AU) [7] 0 9m 18m [7] -0.07 0.00 0.07 [8] operated from 290 to 293 K with a maximum injection current of 130 mA. The side-mode suppression ratio was 35 dB.…”

Section: Laser and Laser Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to such diverse requirements, H 2 S analyzers based on different measurement technologies have been developed and are in industrial use. Apart from spectroscopic techniques based on absorption measurements, a range of other analytical techniques such as pulsed UV fluorescence [4], sulfur chemiluminescence [5], colorimetry employing a lead acetate tape [6], flame photometry as detector in gas chromatography [7] as well as electrochemical detection techniques ranging from potentiometric, galvanic, coulometric and amperometric detection [8] is frequently employed. It is interesting to note that in the petrochemical industry the lead acetate tape method is still in frequent use.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cantilever-enhanced photoacoustic detection of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) using NIR telecom laser sources near 1.6 µm

Moser

Lendl

2016

Appl. Phys. B

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concentrations as low as 500 pptv manifesting in the characteristic odor of rotten eggs can already be detected by the human olfactory sense, the total loss of olfactory sensation starts at 150-200 ppmv [3]. Because of the wide occurrence of H 2 S in industrial processes and its often negative impact on process stabilities and product quality, its concentration needs to be tightly monitored. Furthermore, safety considerations and legal concentration limits also necessitate the accurate determination of H 2 S levels. In practice, concentrations ranging from sub-ppm levels at low pressures to several per cents at atmospheric conditions need to be monitored. Due to such diverse requirements, H 2 S analyzers based on different measurement technologies have been developed and are in industrial use. Apart from spectroscopic techniques based on absorption measurements, a range of other analytical techniques such as pulsed UV fluorescence [4], sulfur chemiluminescence [5], colorimetry employing a lead acetate tape [6], flame photometry as detector in gas chromatography [7] as well as electrochemical detection techniques ranging from potentiometric, galvanic, coulometric and amperometric detection [8] is frequently employed. It is interesting to note that in the petrochemical industry the lead acetate tape method is still in frequent use. Also, gas chromatographic methods are popular as they can be used to detect several components almost simultaneously, but this technique requires preparation and extraction of the sample gas leading to a time-consuming measurement. A general drawback of nonspectroscopic techniques is the fact that they do not allow for direct measurements. This, however, also applies to H 2 S detection based on UV fluorescence as this technique requires sample combustion as well as detection by chemoluminescence, where addition of reagents is required.Most of the spectroscopic techniques are based on the detection of the absorption spectrum of the molecules in Abstract Sensitive detection of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) at different pressure levels using a cantilever-enhanced photoacoustic detector in combination with a telecom NIR L-band laser source is reported. Amplitude and wavelength modulation schemes for photoacoustic signal generation are compared. A detection limit (3σ) of 8 ppmv was achieved for amplitude modulation mode with a 50-s averaging time for the H 2 S absorption near 1.6 µm. As compared to simulated spectra, the cantilever-enhanced photoacoustic detection approach in combination with the sufficiently stable and narrow bandwidth NIR laser is able to reproduce the rotationally resolved H 2 S spectrum at low pressures of 300 mbar.

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“…Separation of these sulfur gases was accomplished using a column made of specially treated Porapak-QS-packed Teflon tubing (Thornsberry, 1971;Pearson and Hines, 1977). Column preparation included the following steps: FEP Teflon tubing (6 ft. long by 1/8 in o.d.)…”

Section: Sample Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

OCS, H2S, and CS2 fluxes from a salt water marsh

et al. 1986

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The diurnal-to-monthly behavior of the fluxes of OCS, H2S, and CS 2 from a mixed-Spartina grass-covered site in a Wallops Island salt water marsh was determined through a series of experiments in August and September, 1982. Absolute flux values were determined for OCS and H2S, while only relative values were determined for CS2. The rates of emission of OCS and H2S were observed to vary diurnally and to be strongly influenced by tides. The time-averaged flux values show that such mixedSpartina stands are insignificant (<< 1%) global sources of H2S or CS2 and insignificant contributors to the global OCS cycle (< 1%). These results demonstrate that some marsh regions play a minor role in the global sulfur budget and, consequently, that the inclusion of such areas in extrapolations of measurements of more productive regions could lead to an overestimate of the role of salt water marshes in the global sulfur budget.

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Determination of hydrogen sulfide, carbonyl sulfide, carbon disulfide, and sulfur dioxide in gases and hydrocarbon streams by gas chromatography/flame photometric detection

Abstract: is thus eliminated, a potential throughput advantage of an interferometric or multiplexed instrument for the same measurement may not exist.Finally, the optimum (maximum) S/N for the measurement of a modulated atomic line (e.g., Figure 6) occurs if propor-

Cited by 44 publications

References 9 publications

Measurements of OCS and CS₂ in the free troposphere

Measurements of OCS and CS₂ in the free troposphere

Cantilever-enhanced photoacoustic detection of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) using NIR telecom laser sources near 1.6 µm

OCS, H2S, and CS2 fluxes from a salt water marsh

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Determination of hydrogen sulfide, carbonyl sulfide, carbon disulfide, and sulfur dioxide in gases and hydrocarbon streams by gas chromatography/flame photometric detection

Abstract: is thus eliminated, a potential throughput advantage of an interferometric or multiplexed instrument for the same measurement may not exist.Finally, the optimum (maximum) S/N for the measurement of a modulated atomic line (e.g., Figure 6) occurs if propor-

Cited by 44 publications

References 9 publications

Measurements of OCS and CS2 in the free troposphere

Measurements of OCS and CS2 in the free troposphere

Cantilever-enhanced photoacoustic detection of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) using NIR telecom laser sources near 1.6 µm

OCS, H2S, and CS2 fluxes from a salt water marsh

Contact Info

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Measurements of OCS and CS₂ in the free troposphere

Measurements of OCS and CS₂ in the free troposphere