Determination of hepatitis B, C and D prevalence among urban and Amerindian populations from the Eastern Brazilian Amazon: a cross sectional study

Villar, Lívia Melo; Milagres, Flavio Augusto de Pádua; Lampe, Elisabeth; Cruz, Helena Medina; Scalioni, Leticia de Paula; Magalhães, Mônica de Avelar Figueirêdo Mafra; Romão, Anselmo Rocha; Gracie, Renata; Paula, Vanessa Salete de

doi:10.1186/s12879-018-3279-2

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…According to the Brazilian Health Ministry, the HBV prevalence rates per 100,000 inhabitants were 2.8 in Rio de Janeiro, 4.6 in Mato Grosso do Sul and 6.3 cases in Tocantins State [2]. In previous reports, incidence of HBsAg in these groups varied from 0.2 to 0.7% and the prevalence of anti-HBc/anti-HBs varied from 9.7 to 12.6% [7, 33, 34]. In Brazil, HBsAg prevalence among crack cocaine users was 6.2% [35], and among beauty professionals prevalence ranged from 0 to 8% [36, 37].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Utility of oral fluid samples for hepatitis B antibody detection in real life conditions

et al. 2019

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Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) testing in oral fluid samples may provide advantages in diagnosis, screening or prevalence studies, especially among individuals with venous access difficulties. This study aims to optimize one commercially available assay for detecting total anti-HBc marker in oral fluid samples and to evaluate its utility under real life conditions in different settings for the purposes of prevalence and diagnostic studies. Methods Oral fluid was collected using a Salivette device and some parameters were initially evaluated: type of elution buffer and sample volume. Thereafter, the utility of oral fluid samples for detection of anti-HBc was evaluated in real life conditions in which, 1296 individuals gave serum and oral fluid samples. All serum samples were submitted to commercial EIAs to detect total anti-HBc, according to the manufacturer’s instructions and oral fluid samples according to previous optimization. Results In optimization evaluation, PBS/BSA 0.5% and 100 μL of oral fluid (volume was two-fold increased compared to serum in EIA) were chosen as transport buffer and sample volume. In the field study, anti-HBc was detected in 211 out of 1296 serum samples giving overall oral fluid sensitivity of 52.6% and specificity of 96%. Concordance was higher in ambulatory setting (67.7) compared to general population (31.8). Mean ± standard deviation values of optical density/cutoff (OD/CO) in serum samples were higher in false-negative oral fluid samples than those seen in true positive samples. Sensitivity was higher in those presenting active infection compared to anti-HBc isolate and past infection. Sensitivity also increased in the ambulatory group when HCV individuals were excluded. Conclusions It was possible to optimize a commercial EIA for detecting anti-HBc in oral fluid samples and where the highest concordance was found in ambulatory settings and among individuals with active infection.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…did not inject drugs) nor repeated unprotected sexual intercourse. Recruitment of these individuals was previously described [7, 33, 34].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility of oral fluid samples for hepatitis B antibody detection in real life conditions

et al. 2019

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“…Genetic studies have indicated that populations of different ancestry, in particular AMR, may be relatively more susceptible to certain diseases than other populations [15][16][17][18]. In Mexican and Peruvian populations, for example, AMR ancestry was associated with increased risk for systemic lupus erythematosus [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Mexican and Peruvian populations, for example, AMR ancestry was associated with increased risk for systemic lupus erythematosus [16]. In northern Brazil, AMR ancestry has been associated with susceptibility to the development of leprosy, including the severe clinical form [17], as well as an increased prevalence of hepatitis B and C [18], and an increased risk of developing acute lymphoblastic leukemia [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amerindian genetic ancestry as a risk factor for tuberculosis in an amazonian population

et al. 2020

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In recent years, the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) has declined worldwide, although this disease still occurs at relatively high rates in Amerindian populations. This suggests that the genetic ancestry of Amerindians may be an important factor in the development of infections, and may account for at least some of the variation in infection rates in the different populations. The present study investigated the potential influence of Amerindian genetic ancestry on susceptibility to tuberculosis in an Amazon population. The study included 280 patients diagnosed with tuberculosis and 138 asymptomatic hospital employees with no history of TB, but who were in contact with bacterially active TB patients. Ancestry analysis was run on a set of 61 Ancestry-Informative Markers to estimate European, African, and Amerindian genetic ancestry using STRUCTURE v2.2. The TB group had significantly higher Amerindian ancestry in comparison with the control group, and significantly lower European ancestry. Amerindian ancestry in the 20-60% range was found to be the principal risk factor for increased susceptibility to TB. The results of the study indicate that Amerindian ancestry is an important risk factor for susceptibility to TB in the admixed population of the Brazilian Amazon region.

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“…When compared to the HBV mono-infection, HBV/HDV coinfection is associated with poor clinical outcomes, rapid progression to the cirrhosis, high risk of hepatocellular carcinoma and end-stage liver disease, and the high rate of mortality related to the liver disease (3). Transition modes are the same as the HBV infection although HDV is commonly transmitted via parenteral routes, demonstrating a remarkable threat to public health (4). Currently, there is no effective therapy for HDV infection (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sero-Prevalence of Hepatitis D Virus Infection Among Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Positive Patients in Mashhad, Northeastern Iran

et al. 2019

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Background: Transmission and persistence of Hepatitis Delta Virus (HDV) depends on presence of the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) envelope proteins. The prevalence of HDV infection has not been reported previously among HBsAg-positive patients in Mashhad, Iran. Objectives: To evaluate HDV seroprevalence among individuals with HBsAg seropositivity in Mashhad, Northeastern Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional was performed in Central Diagnostic Lab of Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR), Mashhad, Iran. Based on database of the lab, 606 HBsAg positive patients were tested for anti-HDV antibodies using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) during 2016-2017. Chi-square or Fisher's exact tests and T-test were used to analyze the data by SPSS software at a significance level of 5%. Results: Among 606 HBsAg positive patients including 335 (55.3%) males and 271 (44.7%) females with a mean age of 43.6 ± 14.8 years old, 35 cases (5.8%) were found to be anti-HDV positive. HDV infection was more prevalent among males (6.9%), older patients (P = 0.008), and individuals with elevated ALT (P = 0.034) and AST serum levels (P = 0.021). Regarding HBV viral load, there was no significant difference between HBV/HDV co-infected and HBV mono-infected patients (P = 0.07). Conclusions: Prevalence of HDV infection was found to be relatively high among HBsAg-positive cases in this region. Therefore, it is suggested to assess HDV antibodies among HBsAg-positive patients, especially those with higher serum levels of transaminases.

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Determination of hepatitis B, C and D prevalence among urban and Amerindian populations from the Eastern Brazilian Amazon: a cross sectional study

Cited by 15 publications

References 27 publications

Utility of oral fluid samples for hepatitis B antibody detection in real life conditions

Utility of oral fluid samples for hepatitis B antibody detection in real life conditions

Amerindian genetic ancestry as a risk factor for tuberculosis in an amazonian population

Sero-Prevalence of Hepatitis D Virus Infection Among Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Positive Patients in Mashhad, Northeastern Iran

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