Determination of glyoxal and methylglyoxal in atmospheric particulate matter by 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine derivatisation

Garcı́a-Alonso, Susana; Pérez-Pastor, Rosa María; Sevillano-Castaño, M.L.

doi:10.1080/02772240600796837

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The hydrazone derivative of formaldehyde-d 2 served as the internal standard for the hydrazone derivative of formaldehyde, and the hydrazone derivative of acetaldehyde-d 3 served as the internal standard for the hydrazone derivative of acetaldehyde, acrolein and crotonaldehyde. Using this DNPH derivatization method, all forms of the aldehydes are trapped as the hydrazone derivative that prevents this method from differentiating between the carbonyl form of these aldehydes and other forms such as hemiacetals (9, 26). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method for the Determination of Carbonyl Compounds in E-Cigarette Aerosols

Flora

Wilkinson

et al. 2016

J Chromatogr Sci

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Low levels of thermal degradation products such as carbonyls (formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acrolein, crotonaldehyde) have been reported in e-cigarette aerosols. The collection and analysis of e-cigarette aerosol carbonyls are often adapted from methods developed for tobacco cigarette smoke. These methodologies are often not sensitive enough to detect low carbonyl levels in e-cigarette aerosols. One objective of this work was to develop and validate a rapid, selective and sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry method optimized for analysis of carbonyls in e-cigarette aerosols. Aerosols were trapped in 20-puff collections, 4-s durations, 55-mL volumes, 30-s intervals, square wave puff profiles. Collection apparatus involved a linear smoking machine with Cambridge filter pad followed by a glass impinger containing acidified 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine. This method showed limits of quantitation and detection of 0.016 and 0.003 µg puff−1, respectively, and run time of 4 min. Six e-cigarettes were evaluated (five devices each). All contained measurable levels of carbonyls. Levels were mostly well below those in conventional cigarettes. However, for some e-cigarettes, formaldehyde levels were above those for tobacco cigarettes (highest at 14.1 µg puff−1). Temperatures related to carbonyl yields in e-cigarette aerosols were explored to better understand carbonyl formation: formation of formaldehyde is low at temperatures below 350°C.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method for the Determination of Carbonyl Compounds in E-Cigarette Aerosols

Flora

Wilkinson

et al. 2016

J Chromatogr Sci

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“…Formation of low-volatility organic compounds by multiphase processes has been suggested based on observations during both field (Kawamura et al, 1996;Matsunaga et al, 2003;Liggio and McLaren, 2003;Garcia-Alonso et al, 2006;Volkamer et al, 2007;Hecobian et al, 2010) and laboratory studies (Volkamer et al, 2009;Lim et al, 2010) of glyoxal (CHOCHO; hereafter GLY). GLY is produced via the oxidation of C n≥2 -hydrocarbons, with a global chemical production estimated to be 45-100 Tg yr −1 (Fu et al, 2008;Myriokefalitakis et al, 2008;Stavrakou et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-cloud oxalate formation in the global troposphere: a 3-D modeling study

et al. 2011

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Abstract. Organic acids attract increasing attention as contributors to atmospheric acidity, secondary organic aerosol mass and aerosol hygroscopicity. Oxalic acid is globally the most abundant dicarboxylic acid, formed via chemical oxidation of gas-phase precursors in the aqueous phase of aerosols and droplets. Its lifecycle and atmospheric global distribution remain highly uncertain and are the focus of this study. The first global spatial and temporal distribution of oxalate, simulated using a state-of-the-art aqueous-phase chemical scheme embedded within the global 3-dimensional chemistry/transport model TM4-ECPL, is here presented. The model accounts for comprehensive gas-phase chemistry and its coupling with major aerosol constituents (including secondary organic aerosol). Model results are consistent with ambient observations of oxalate at rural and remote locations (slope = 1.16 ± 0.14, r 2 = 0.36, N =114) and suggest that aqueous-phase chemistry contributes significantly to the global atmospheric burden of secondary organic aerosol. In TM4-ECPL most oxalate is formed in-cloud and less than 5 % is produced in aerosol water. About 62 % of the oxCorrespondence to: M. Kanakidou (mariak@chemistry.uoc.gr) alate is removed via wet deposition, 30 % by in-cloud reaction with hydroxyl radical, 4 % by in-cloud reaction with nitrate radical and 4 % by dry deposition. The in-cloud global oxalate net chemical production is calculated to be about 21-37 Tg yr −1 with almost 79 % originating from biogenic hydrocarbons, mainly isoprene. This condensed phase net source of oxalate in conjunction with a global mean turnover time against deposition of about 5 days, maintain oxalate's global tropospheric burden of 0.2-0.3 Tg, i.e. 0.05-0.1 Tg-C that is about 5-9 % of model-calculated water soluble organic carbon burden.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-cloud oxalate formation in the global troposphere: a 3-D modeling study

Myriokefalitakis¹,

Tsigaridis²,

Mihalopoulos³

et al. 2011

Preprint

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Organic acids attract increasing attention as contributors to atmospheric acidity, secondary organic aerosol mass and aerosol hygroscopicity. Oxalic acid is globally the most abundant dicarboxylic acid, formed via chemical oxidation of gas-phase precursors in the aqueous phase of aerosols and droplets. Its lifecycle and atmospheric global distribution remain highly uncertain and are the focus of this study. The first global spatial and temporal distribution of oxalate, simulated using a state-of-the-art aqueous phase chemical scheme embedded within the global 3-dimensional chemistry/transport model TM4-ECPL, is here presented. The model accounts for comprehensive gas-phase chemistry and its coupling with major aerosol constituents (including secondary organic aerosol). Model results are consistent with ambient observations of oxalate at rural and remote locations (slope = 0.83 ± 0.06, r2 = 0.67, N = 106) and suggest that aqueous phase chemistry contributes significantly to the global atmospheric burden of secondary organic aerosol. In TM4-ECPL most oxalate is formed in-clouds and less than 10% is produced in aerosol water. About 61% of the oxalate is removed via wet deposition, 35% by in-cloud reaction with hydroxyl radical and 4% by dry deposition. The global oxalate net chemical production is calculated to be about 17–27 Tg yr−1 with almost 91% originating from biogenic hydrocarbons, mainly isoprene. This condensed phase net source of oxalate in conjunction with a global mean turnover time against deposition of about 5 days, maintain oxalate's global tropospheric burden of 0.24–0.39 Tg that is about 13–19% of calculated total organic aerosol burden

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Determination of glyoxal and methylglyoxal in atmospheric particulate matter by 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine derivatisation

Cited by 12 publications

References 12 publications

Method for the Determination of Carbonyl Compounds in E-Cigarette Aerosols

Method for the Determination of Carbonyl Compounds in E-Cigarette Aerosols

In-cloud oxalate formation in the global troposphere: a 3-D modeling study

In-cloud oxalate formation in the global troposphere: a 3-D modeling study

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