Determination of geomorphological and volumetric variations in the 1970 land volcanic craters area (Deception Island, Antarctica) from 1968 using historical and current maps, remote sensing and GNSS

Abstract

During the nearly 40 years covered by the study, major height differences of over ± 25 m have been revealed in the volcanic landscape of the 1970 craters in Deception Island, an active volcano in the South Shetland Islands (West Antarctica). In the last 14 years, the mean volcanic filling rate has been 1 m yr -1 and the mean erosion rate has been -0.2 m yr -1 . There has been considerable landform modification mainly associated with landslide-induced accumulation, and erosion may indicate the craters' fill over the next 30-40 years. Deception Island's eruptions have been recorded since 1842. Special attention was paid to the zones affected by the most recent volcanic events and the geomorphological changes that have taken place in those zones since then (e.g. the 1970 volcanic craters area in the last episode occurring between 1967 and 1970). Historical maps (produced before and just after the 1970 eruption) were compared with maps plotted in 1992 and updated using a 2003 image from the Quickbird satellite and data obtained with Global Navigation Satellite System technology in 2006. Techniques used included both geodetic transformation and the geometric correcting of maps.

Determination of an experimental geoid at Deception Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica

“…From the 2007–08 until the 2012–13 campaign, the geodetic networks were updated and extended, weather and tidal data were obtained for the determination of the mean sea level, the geodesic reference framework was updated and new cartography obtained (Torrecillas et al . 2011, Berrocoso et al 2012, Vidal et al 2012, Jigena et al 2014).…”

“…The first experimental geoid for Deception Island, included in the Multidisciplinary Scientific Information Support System (SIMAC) for Deception Island (Torrecillas et al 2006, Berrocoso et al 2008), was calculated according to this elevation reference for the BARG geodetic benchmark (Fig. 3), providing a mean N value of -19.59 m in that area in 2008 (Berrocoso et al 2008, 2012). This value differed from the 1992 value by 6.59 m.

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IoT-Based Geotechnical Monitoring of Unstable Slopes for Landslide Early Warning in the Darjeeling Himalayas

“…These thresholds can be used to determine the temporal probability of the occurrence of landslides as a part of a landslide early warning system (LEWS). The thresholds can be estimated using empirical methods [9][10][11][12], probabilistic methods [8,13,14], and/or physical methods [15,16], and we can use other tools like geographic information system (GIS) [17] and global positioning system (GPS) [18,19] and new technologies in order to make the calculation processes automatic [20,21]. When long-term monitoring data is not available for the study area, it is often difficult to identify the triggering rainfall corresponding to landslides [22].…”

Monitoring and Modeling the Rapid Evolution of Earth's Newest Volcanic Island: Hunga Tonga Hunga Ha'apai (Tonga) Using High Spatial Resolution Satellite Observations

“…On the basis of volumetric erosion models developed for other oceanic islands (Garvin et al, 2000; Berrocoso et al, 2012; Ramalho et al, 2013; Perron, 2017), quantify the observed island erosion to investigate geologic processes that stabilize such fragile landscape systems, such as hydrothermal alteration (e.g., Jakobsson, 1978)…”

“…We hoped to evaluate whether island volumetric changes due to natural causes at meter scales (NRC ES Decadal Survey, ) could be effectively measured. Preliminary results (Figure ) suggested the following approach: Using meter‐resolution satellite observations, document the volumetric rates of change of the overall island for the purpose of accurately projecting island survival timelines On the basis of volumetric erosion models developed for other oceanic islands (Garvin et al, ; Berrocoso et al, ; Ramalho et al, ; Perron, ), quantify the observed island erosion to investigate geologic processes that stabilize such fragile landscape systems, such as hydrothermal alteration (e.g., Jakobsson, ) …”