Determination of fluorotelomer alcohols in selected consumer products and preliminary investigation of their fate in the indoor environment

Liu, Xiaoyu; Guo, Zhishi; Folk, Edgar; Roache, Nancy F.

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.06.012

Cited by 64 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…Children, especially toddlers, are more exposed than adults on a body weight basis, due to A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 11 higher relative food consumption and to hand-to-mouth transfer from impregnated carpets and ingestion of dust, resulting in higher PFAS serum levels than for adults [35,49,51,150,158,159,164,172,173].…”

Section: Human Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Per- and polyfluorinated substances (PFASs): Environmental challenges

Krafft

Riess²

2015

Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science

229

122

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Section: Human Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…FTOH [11]. The levels of FOSEs and FOSAs have decreased over the 2006-2011 period but emissions related to 8:2 and 10:2 FTOHs, after a slight decrease, have increased again [42].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Per- and polyfluorinated substances (PFASs): Environmental challenges

Krafft

Riess²

2015

Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science

229

122

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…PFASs have been detected in a wide range of products, including food contact materials (FCMs), carpeting and carpet cleaners, upholstery, floor waxes, and outdoor apparel. − PFASs in household products that migrate into food, indoor air, and dust can contribute to human exposure, − although these contributions are difficult to assess given the wide range of concentrations and relative abundances in exposure media.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorinated Compounds in U.S. Fast Food Packaging

Schaider

Bǎlan

Blum

et al. 2017

Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett.

432

232

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Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are highly persistent synthetic chemicals, some of which have been associated with cancer, developmental toxicity, immunotoxicity, and other health effects. PFASs in grease-resistant food packaging can leach into food and increase dietary exposure. We collected ~400 samples of food contact papers, paperboard containers, and beverage containers from fast food restaurants throughout the United States and measured total fluorine using particle-induced γ-ray emission (PIGE) spectroscopy. PIGE can rapidly and inexpensively measure total fluorine in solid-phase samples. We found that 46% of food contact papers and 20% of paperboard samples contained detectable fluorine (>16 nmol/cm2). Liquid chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis of a subset of 20 samples found perfluorocarboxylates, perfluorosulfonates, and other known PFASs and/or unidentified polyfluorinated compounds (based on nontargeted analysis). The total peak area for PFASs was higher in 70% of samples (10 of 14) with a total fluorine level of >200 nmol/cm2 compared to six samples with a total fluorine level of <16 nmol/cm2. Samples with high total fluorine levels but low levels of measured PFASs may contain volatile PFASs, PFAS polymers, newer replacement PFASs, or other fluorinated compounds. The prevalence of fluorinated chemicals in fast food packaging demonstrates their potentially significant contribution to dietary PFAS exposure and environmental contamination during production and disposal.

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“…Concentrations in the range of 1.0–1.5% per fiber dry weight are typical in most finished products . Historically, most fluorinated coatings for paper and board were based on perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) precursors, such as N -ethyl perfluorooctane sulfonamido alcohol-based phosphate diesters (SamPAPs). , However, as a consequence of the phase-out of PFOS and its precursors by 3M in 2001, most contemporary formulations are now based on acrylate polymers with fluorotelomer or sulfonamido alcohol side chains or perfluoropolyether-based polymers (PFPEs). , Several peer-reviewed studies have reported the occurrence of PFAAs, polyfluoroalkyl phosphates (PAPs), fluorotelomer alcohols, and saturated and unsaturated fluorotelomer acids in various types of food packaging materials. ,− While the importance of PFASs in food packaging as a human exposure source remains unclear, some PFASs have been shown to migrate from food packaging into food. , In response to concerns surrounding PFASs, several states in the United States have implemented bans on the use of these chemicals in food packaging, and the Danish Ministry of the Environment and Food has established a total fluorine indicator value of 0.1 μg/cm 2 in food packaging…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total Fluorine Measurements in Food Packaging: How Do Current Methods Perform?

Schultes

Peaslee

Brockman

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett.

105

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Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) represent a class of more than 4000 compounds. Their large number and structural diversity pose a considerable challenge to analytical chemists. Measurement of total fluorine in environmental samples and consumer products is therefore critical for rapidly screening for PFASs and for assessing the fraction of unexplained fluorine(i.e., fluorine mass balance). Here we compare three emerging analytical techniques for total fluorine determination: combustion ion chromatography (CIC), particle-induced γ-ray emission spectroscopy (PIGE), and instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). Application of each method to a certified reference material (CRM), spiked filters, and representative food packaging samples revealed good accuracy and precision. INAA and PIGE had the advantage of being nondestructive, while CIC displayed the lowest detection limits. Inconsistencies between the methods arose due to the high aluminum content in the CRM, which precluded its analysis by INAA, and sample heterogeneity (i.e., coating on the surface of the material), which resulted in higher values from the surface measurement technique PIGE compared to the values from the bulk volume techniques INAA and CIC. Comparing CIC-based extractable organic fluorine to target PFAS measurements of food packaging samples by liquid chromatography− tandem mass spectrometry revealed large amounts of unidentified organic fluorine not captured by compound-specific analysis.

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Determination of fluorotelomer alcohols in selected consumer products and preliminary investigation of their fate in the indoor environment

Cited by 64 publications

References 33 publications

Per- and polyfluorinated substances (PFASs): Environmental challenges

Per- and polyfluorinated substances (PFASs): Environmental challenges

Fluorinated Compounds in U.S. Fast Food Packaging

Total Fluorine Measurements in Food Packaging: How Do Current Methods Perform?

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