Determination of Fluorine by Molecular Absorption Spectrometry of AlF Using a High-Resolution Continuum Source Spectrometer and a C₂H₂/N₂O Flame

Mass Spectrometry‐based Techniques for Direct Quantification of High Ionization Energy Elements in Solid Materials—challenges and Perspectives

“…Such techniques as micro‐FTIR (Chen et al, 2015; Stokkan et al, 2017), laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy (Gondal et al, 2011; Labutin et al, 2014; Quarles et al, 2014; Álvarez Llamas et al, 2016; Bonta et al, 2017; Porizka et al, 2017; Davari et al, 2019), glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GDOES) (Gonzalez‐Gago et al, 2014; Butler et al, 2017) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP‐OES) (Wuilloud & Altamirano, 2006; Vogt et al, 2017) are mainly limited by relatively high detection limits, matrix effects, and interferences. Molecular absorption spectrometry with graphite furnace solid sampling was also suggested for halogen quantification based on molecular spectra of halogen‐metal compounds (de Moraes Flores et al, 2007; Bücker, Hoffmann, & Acker, 2014; Pereira et al, 2014; Pereira et al, 2015; Cadorim et al, 2018; MacHado et al, 2020). However, such indirect measurements may suffer from potential interferences and increased uncertainties compared to the use of conventional atomic spectra.Nuclear techniques are also worth noting in respect of quantification of highly electronegative nonmetals (neutron activation analysis and proton‐induced gamma‐ray, particle‐induced gamma emission) (Cohen & Rose 1992; Landsberger, Basunia, & Iskander, 2001; Shekhar et al, 2003; Muñoz et al, 2009; Funato et al, 2015; Heckel et al, 2016; Kumar et al, 2016; Dhorge et al, 2017).…”