Determination of Ferret Enteric Coronavirus Genome in Laboratory Ferrets

Li, Tiancheng; Yoshizaki, Sayaka; Kataoka, Michiyo; Doan, Yen Hai; Ami, Yasushi; Suzaki, Yuriko; Nakamura, Tomofumi; Takeda, Naokazu; Wakita, Takaji

doi:10.3201/eid2309.160215

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Both the enteric (FRECV) and systemic (FRSCV) ferret coronaviruses are alphacoronaviruses, related to feline coronavirus and canine enteric coronavirus, and most closely related to mink coronavirus. Complete genome sequencing of FRSCV and FRECV strains revealed a shared 89% nucleotide identity, but only 49.9-68.9% nucleotide identity with other known coronaviruses [98]. The pathogenic relationship of these two ferret coronaviruses, and whether FRSCV arises by mutation within ferrets infected with FRECV, has not been determined.…”

Section: Epidemiology Virology and Clinical And Pathologic Featuresmentioning

confidence: 97%

Coronavirus Infections in Companion Animals: Virology, Epidemiology, Clinical and Pathologic Features

Haake

Cook

Pusterla

et al. 2020

Viruses

144

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Coronaviruses are enveloped RNA viruses capable of causing respiratory, enteric, or systemic diseases in a variety of mammalian hosts that vary in clinical severity from subclinical to fatal. The host range and tissue tropism are largely determined by the coronaviral spike protein, which initiates cellular infection by promoting fusion of the viral and host cell membranes. Companion animal coronaviruses responsible for causing enteric infection include feline enteric coronavirus, ferret enteric coronavirus, canine enteric coronavirus, equine coronavirus, and alpaca enteric coronavirus, while canine respiratory coronavirus and alpaca respiratory coronavirus result in respiratory infection. Ferret systemic coronavirus and feline infectious peritonitis virus, a mutated feline enteric coronavirus, can lead to lethal immuno-inflammatory systemic disease. Recent human viral pandemics, including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and most recently, COVID-19, all thought to originate from bat coronaviruses, demonstrate the zoonotic potential of coronaviruses and their potential to have devastating impacts. A better understanding of the coronaviruses of companion animals, their capacity for cross-species transmission, and the sharing of genetic information may facilitate improved prevention and control strategies for future emerging zoonotic coronaviruses. This article reviews the clinical, epidemiologic, virologic, and pathologic characteristics of nine important coronaviruses of companion animals.

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Section: Epidemiology Virology and Clinical And Pathologic Featuresmentioning

confidence: 97%

Coronavirus Infections in Companion Animals: Virology, Epidemiology, Clinical and Pathologic Features

Haake

Cook

Pusterla

et al. 2020

Viruses

144

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Infections have encompassed numerous scenarios, including both pet ferrets and laboratory ferrets. In a study of 63 laboratory ferrets, fecal samples from 60 individuals were positive for one or more ferret coronaviruses via reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) in apparently healthy animals (48). Of these samples, 38 fecal samples were positive for FRECV only, 7 were positive for FRSCV only, and 15 fecal samples were positive for both viruses (48).…”

Section: Ferretsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a study of 63 laboratory ferrets, fecal samples from 60 individuals were positive for one or more ferret coronaviruses via reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) in apparently healthy animals (48). Of these samples, 38 fecal samples were positive for FRECV only, 7 were positive for FRSCV only, and 15 fecal samples were positive for both viruses (48). In a separate study of 39 ferrets, 5 of 12 ferrets from a farm in the Netherlands, 4 ferrets from a farm in Sweden, 4 of 12 healthy pet ferrets, and 1 of 3 pet ferrets with diarrhea were positive for FRCoV RNA, based on RT-PCR (49).…”

Section: Ferretsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronaviruses Associated with the Superfamily Musteloidea

Stout

Guo

Millet

et al. 2021

mBio

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Among the animal superfamily Musteloidea, which includes those commonly known as mustelids, naturally occurring and species-specific alphacoronavirus infections have been observed in both mink (Mustela vison/Neovison vison) and domestic ferrets (Mustela putorius furo). Ferret systemic coronavirus (FRSCV), in particular, has been associated with a rare but fatal systemic disease. In recent months, it has become apparent that both minks and ferrets are susceptible to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a betacoronavirus and the cause of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Several mink farms have experienced SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks, and experimental models have demonstrated susceptibility of ferrets to SARS-CoV-2. The potential for pet ferrets to become infected with SARS-CoV-2, however, remains elusive. During the 2002–2003 SARS epidemic, it was also apparent that ferrets were susceptible to SARS-CoV and could be utilized in vaccine development. From a comparative standpoint, understanding the relationships between different infections and disease pathogenesis in the animal superfamily Musteloidea may help elucidate viral infection and transmission mechanisms, as well as treatment and prevention strategies for coronaviruses.

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“…Epizootic catarrhal enteritis (ECE) was first described in 1993 in domestic ferrets in the eastern part of the US ( Williams et al, 2000 ) and subsequently reported in domestic and laboratory ferrets in the US, EU and Japan ( Li et al, 2017 ; Provacia et al, 2011 ; Terada et al, 2014 ). The causative agent of ECE is ferret coronavirus ( Williams et al, 2000 ; Wise et al, 2006 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protease inhibitors broadly effective against feline, ferret and mink coronaviruses

et al. 2018

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Ferret and mink coronaviruses typically cause catarrhal diarrhea in ferrets and minks, respectively. In recent years, however, systemic fatal coronavirus infection has emerged in ferrets, which resembles feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) in cats. FIP is a highly fatal systemic disease caused by a virulent feline coronavirus infection in cats. Despite the importance of coronavirus infections in these animals, there are no effective commercial vaccines or antiviral drugs available for these infections. We have previously reported the efficacy of a protease inhibitor in cats with FIP, demonstrating that a virally encoded 3C-like protease (3CLpro) is a valid target for antiviral drug development for coronavirus infections. In this study, we extended our previous work on coronavirus inhibitors and investigated the structure-activity relationships of a focused library of protease inhibitors for ferret and mink 3CLpro. Using the fluorescence resonance energy transfer assay, we identified potent inhibitors broadly effective against feline, ferret and mink coronavirus 3CLpro. Multiple amino acid sequence analysis and modelling of 3CLpro of ferret and mink coronaviruses were conducted to probe the structural basis for these findings. The results of this study provide support for further research to develop broad-spectrum antiviral agents for multiple coronavirus infections. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on small molecule inhibitors of ferret and mink coronaviruses.

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Determination of Ferret Enteric Coronavirus Genome in Laboratory Ferrets

Cited by 8 publications

References 15 publications

Coronavirus Infections in Companion Animals: Virology, Epidemiology, Clinical and Pathologic Features

Coronavirus Infections in Companion Animals: Virology, Epidemiology, Clinical and Pathologic Features

Coronaviruses Associated with the Superfamily Musteloidea

Protease inhibitors broadly effective against feline, ferret and mink coronaviruses

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