Determination of Ethyl Glucuronide in Hair Samples

Alt, Andreas; Janda, Ines; Seidl, S.; Wurst, F M

doi:10.1093/alcalc/35.3.313

Cited by 100 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Also, EtG has recently been suggested as a marker of chronic high alcohol intake, measured in hair (64)(65)(66)(67)(68)(69)(70)(71)(72)(73)(74)(75)(76). According to the research so far, the sensitivity and specificity exceeds that of the traditional markers for chronic high alcohol intake, like the liver enzymes aspartate aminotranserase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) as well as carbohydratedeficient transferrin (CDT) (34,35,(77)(78)(79)(80).…”

Section: Non-oxidative Metabolism Of Ethanol; Ethyl Glucuronide and Ementioning

confidence: 99%

A study of ethyl glucuronide in post-mortem blood as a marker of ante-mortem ingestion of alcohol

Høiseth¹,

Karinen²,

Christophersen³

et al. 2007

Forensic Science International

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Section: Non-oxidative Metabolism Of Ethanol; Ethyl Glucuronide and Ementioning

confidence: 99%

A study of ethyl glucuronide in post-mortem blood as a marker of ante-mortem ingestion of alcohol

Høiseth¹,

Karinen²,

Christophersen³

et al. 2007

Forensic Science International

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“…EtG is minor metobolite of alcohol metabolism produced when alcohol is glucoronidated with activated glucoronic acid (UDP-GA) [64]. Several studies have investigated the measurement of EtG in hair [33,[65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76]. Hair analysis of EtG has been shown to be highly specific (100%) in the detection of heavy alcohol users, however there have been variable reports with regards to the test's sensitivity, ranging between 50 and 100%.…”

Section: Combined Use Of Hair Faee With Hair Ethyl Glucuronidementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hair analysis of EtG has been shown to be highly specific (100%) in the detection of heavy alcohol users, however there have been variable reports with regards to the test's sensitivity, ranging between 50 and 100%. This variation is likely due to the large range of analytical limits of detection (LOD) reported between laboratorie [64][65][66][67][68] hermore, a previous study showed that in a cohort of heavy drinkers both FAEE and EtG hair tests were able to identify all alcoholic patients, therefore, the tests acted redundantly [68]. Consequently, it remains possible that the use of both tests may have added value for the detection of pregnant alcohol abusers; however, more research is required to determine the cost versus the benefits.…”

Section: Combined Use Of Hair Faee With Hair Ethyl Glucuronidementioning

confidence: 99%

The fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE) hair test: emerging technology for the diagnosis of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD)

Kulaga¹,

Pragst²,

Koren³

2009

Ann Toxicol Anal

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-Aim: Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is the most prevalent cause of neurocognitive handicap among North American children. A serious challenge in the diagnosis of FASD is the need to document excessive maternal drinking during pregnancy, however maternal self-report is often unreliable creating a need for an objective biomarker. Methodology: Testing for xenobiotics in hair has been gaining popularity in recent years as a screening method for drug use because of its unique advantage of being non-invasive and providing a stable, long-term record of past and or chronic drug exposure. The recent advent of a hair test to measure excessive alcohol use, the FAEE hair test, has opened the door to exploring its use as a new diagnostic tool for FASD. The current article briefly reviews recent advances in research involving the FAEE hair test in this context. Conclusion: Recent advances in research involving the FAEE hair test suggest that FAEE hair analysis may be a powerful tool in detecting heavy alcohol use in the perinatal period and in FASD diagnosis.Key words: Foetal alcoholism spectrum disorder biomarker, FAEE, hair testing Résumé -Objectif : Le syndrome d'alcoolisation foetal (SAF) est en Amérique du Nord la première cause de handicaps neuro-cognitifs chez l'enfant. Quantifier la consommation excessive pendant la grossesse apparaît crucial pour le diagnostic du SAF, cependant l'information fournie par la mère elle-même apparaît souvent peu fiable, et rend né-cessaire le recours à un marqueur biologique fiable. Méthodes : La recherche de xénobiotiques dans les cheveux s'est généralisée, ces dernières années, pour détecter l'usage de produits toxiques : elle présente l'avantage de ne pas être traumatique, tout en informant de façon continue, sur de longues périodes quant à l'exposition passée ou chronique à des xénobiotiques. L'arrivée récente d'un test capillaire pour évaluer la consommation excessive d'alcool -recherche et dosage des FAAE -a posé la question de son utilisation comme nouvel outil de diagnostic du SAF. Le présent article passe en revue les avancées récentes concernant l'utilisation du test FAAE dans ce contexte. Conclusion : Les recherches relatives au test FAAE montrent que l'analyse des cheveux par ce test peut se révéler un outil puissant pour détecter la consommation d'alcool à hautes doses en période prénatale, et peut être utilisé pour le dépistage du SAF.

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“…In addition, EtG and FAEE can be detected in hair and allow a retrospective interpretation [15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since 2000, several groups have reported on the determination of EtG in hair [15,27,28]. Alt et al determined EtG in 16 hair samples, taken at autopsies from persons with a known history of alcoholism, and found EtG concentrations between 218 and 4,025 pg/mg in 14 hair samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of direct ethanol metabolites in a case of a former driving under the influence (DUI) of alcohol offender, now claiming abstinence

et al. 2008

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A 37-year-old female subject had been convicted of driving under the influence of alcohol, and 19 months later, claimed abstinence after supervised disulfiram treatment. Our aim was to elucidate the value of direct ethanol metabolites as measures of abstinence. Ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE) in hair, phosphatidylethanol in whole blood and EtG and ethyl sulphate in urine were measured. The results were compared with self-report of alcohol consumption and traditional blood biomarkers for chronically elevated alcohol consumption as carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, mean corpuscular erythrocyte volume, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase. EtG was found in distal parts of hair only, whereas the proximal parts were negative. Furthermore, FAEE concentrations were found in the typical distribution over the hair length and showed values typical for either moderate social drinking or abstinence. CDT was above cut-off in 9 out of 16 analyses with a decreasing tendency and the lowest values in the last 2 months before the end of sampling. The data suggest that in addition to traditional markers, a combination of direct ethanol metabolites can be useful in the expert assessment of judging driving ability. A careful individual interpretation of the results for the different markers, however, is an absolute necessity.

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Determination of Ethyl Glucuronide in Hair Samples

Cited by 100 publications

References 3 publications

A study of ethyl glucuronide in post-mortem blood as a marker of ante-mortem ingestion of alcohol

A study of ethyl glucuronide in post-mortem blood as a marker of ante-mortem ingestion of alcohol

The fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE) hair test: emerging technology for the diagnosis of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD)

Measurement of direct ethanol metabolites in a case of a former driving under the influence (DUI) of alcohol offender, now claiming abstinence

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