Determination of ephedrine alkaloids by capillary electrophoresis

Liu, Yingmei; Sheu, Shuenn‐Jyi

doi:10.1016/0021-9673(92)85575-e

Cited by 71 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The analytical condition used in HPLC 8 to determine the ephedrine content in the Ephedra herb is directly applicable to the determination of the synephrine content in the peel of Citrus fruit and immature Citrus fruit. 5 Accordingly, referring to the reports 11,12 on the analysis of ephedrine by using CE, these analytical conditions were used to examine the synephrine content of Citrus fruits. It was concluded that synephrine in the peel of Citrus fruit and immature Citrus fruit can be separated by CE using a 50 mM tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane-40 mM ammonium sulfate buffer solution (pH 8.9).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Synephrine in the Peel of Citrus Fruit, Immature Citrus Fruit and Decoctions of Chinese Medicinal Prescriptions Containing These Crude Drugs by Capillary Electrophoresis

1999

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Synephrine in the Peel of Citrus Fruit, Immature Citrus Fruit and Decoctions of Chinese Medicinal Prescriptions Containing These Crude Drugs by Capillary Electrophoresis

1999

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“…The methods for analysis of Ephedra alkaloids include thin layer chromatography, 5) gas chromatography, 6) isoachophoresis, 7) high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) 8) capillary electrophoresis (CE). 9) Separation of these alkaloids is not possible with TLC and GC without derivatization. There is a report using CE in which the above mentioned alkaloids can be separated, 4) but up to now HPLC has been used most often for the ephedrine alkaloids analysis.…”

Section: : (ϫ)-Ephedrine and (ϩ)-Pseudoephedrine (ϫ)-Methylephedrinementioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Analysis of Ephedrine Analogues from Ephedra Species Using 1H-NMR

Kim

Choi

Chang

et al. 2003

CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN

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Ephedra, known as Ma-huang, is one of the oldest medicinal plants used in traditional Chinese medicine.1) The genus of Ephedra, which belongs to the family of Ephedraceae, contains over 50 species. The aerial parts of Ephedra have long been used as a diaphoretic, anti-asthmatic and diuretic as well as for the treatment of bronchitis and acute nephritic edema.2) The main active components are three pairs of optically active diastereomeric alkaloids 3) : (Ϫ)-ephedrine and (ϩ)-pseudoephedrine, (Ϫ)-methylephedrine and (ϩ)-methylpseudoephedrine, (Ϫ)-norephedrine and (ϩ)-norpseudoephedrine (Fig. 1). The concentration of these benzylamine alkaloids varies from 0.02 to 3.40% in the aerial parts of the plant.4) Ephedra plant materials used in oriental medicine show quite variable quality because a number of species comprise the source of the Ephedra on the market. Moreover the diverse geographical origins of the plants make the total content of main active alkaloids quite different from plant to plant. For this reason, it is necessary to determine the contents of Ephedra alkaloids in plant material. The methods for analysis of Ephedra alkaloids include thin layer chromatography, 5) gas chromatography, 6) isoachophoresis, 7) high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) 8) capillary electrophoresis (CE). 9) Separation of these alkaloids is not possible with TLC and GC without derivatization. There is a report using CE in which the above mentioned alkaloids can be separated, 4) but up to now HPLC has been used most often for the ephedrine alkaloids analysis. HPLC, however, is not always satisfactory. In many cases sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was used as a constituent of the mobile phase to increase the theoretical plate number and resolution, but separation of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine seems to be dependent on the brand and concentration of SDS.10,11) The lack of specific and strong chromophore for detection is another problem when a conventional HPLC-UV detector is used. Moreover, HPLC and GC analysis required an elaborate clean up procedure and derivatization procedures in order to enhance sensitivity and to remove compounds that interfere with the detection of the target compounds. Therefore, an alternative method for the analysis of ephedrine alkaloids from Ephedra herbs would be highly desirable.In this paper, we described the quantitative analysis of Ephedra alkaloids from Ephedra herbs using 1 H-NMR spectroscopy. It allows rapid and simultaneous determination of four ephedrine analogues ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, methylephedrine and methylpseudoephedrine without any pre-cleaning steps. ExperimentalPlant Material Nine Ephedra plant materials were purchased from a Taiwan market. Ephedra sinica and Ephedra intermedia were obtained from Taiwan Extraction The extraction of alkaloids was performed according to the method of Cui et al. 12) Powdered plant material (200 mg) was weighed and transferred to 10 ml centrifuge tube and mixed with 8 ml of 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 solution. The mixture was shaken and sonicated for 1 ...

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“…An aqueous extract from the leaves of Eremophila alternifolia (Myoporaceae) was found to increase heart rapid analysis and minimal use of the samples and solvents. CE has been used to analyze many kinds of phytochemical substances such as phenolic acid (Zhang et al, 1997a,b), terpenoids (Liu et al, 2000), flavonoids (Liu et al, 1994), alkaloids (Liu et al, 1992) and coumarins (Ochocha et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identiﬁcation and determination of ecdysone and phenylpropanoid glucoside and ﬂavonoids in Lamium maculatum by capillary zone electrophoresis

Shuya

Chen

2003

Biomedical Chromatography

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The simultaneous determination of 20-hydroxy ecdysone (1), 3,7-dimethoxy-quercetin (2), acteoside (3) and rutin (4) in the mixture of leaf and stem, and the flower of Lamium maculatum has been investigated by capillary zone electrophoresis for the first time. With an electrolyte containing 30 mmol/L borate, at pH 9.47 and 20 kV applied voltage, the four active compounds were completely separated within 5 min with satisfactory results. The effects of concentration of borate and electrolyte pH on electrophoretic behavior and separation were studied. Regression equations revealed linear relationships (correlation coefficients 0.9998-0.9999) between the peak area of each analyte and the concentration. The levels of analytes in the different parts of Lamium maculatum were easily determined with recoveries ranging from 98.3 to 105.0%.

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Determination of ephedrine alkaloids by capillary electrophoresis

Cited by 71 publications

References 10 publications

Analysis of Synephrine in the Peel of Citrus Fruit, Immature Citrus Fruit and Decoctions of Chinese Medicinal Prescriptions Containing These Crude Drugs by Capillary Electrophoresis

Analysis of Synephrine in the Peel of Citrus Fruit, Immature Citrus Fruit and Decoctions of Chinese Medicinal Prescriptions Containing These Crude Drugs by Capillary Electrophoresis

Quantitative Analysis of Ephedrine Analogues from Ephedra Species Using 1H-NMR

Identiﬁcation and determination of ecdysone and phenylpropanoid glucoside and ﬂavonoids in Lamium maculatum by capillary zone electrophoresis

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