Determination of elastic modulus of a beam by using electronic speckle pattern interferometry

Akhter, Naseem; Jung, Hyung-Shik; Chang, Ho-Seob; Kim, Kyeong-Suk

doi:10.1016/j.optlastec.2008.11.008

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Our measurement method is based on measuring the natural frequency of a printed test structure. Vibrational frequencies of cantilever beams have previously been used to measure the modulus of elasticity of a variety of materials using both force and optical sensing methods (Akhter et al, 2009;Digilov, 2008;Digilov and Abramovich, 2013). This method has been covered in detail by ASTM Standard E1876-01 (2006.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress-limiting test structures for rapid low-cost strength and stiffness assessment

Katz

Nussbaum

Lusk

et al. 2015

Rapid Prototyping Journal

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Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the use of a simple printed geometry to estimate mechanical properties (elastic modulus, yield strength) with inexpensive test equipment. Design/methodology/approach -Test geometry is presented that enables controlled strains with manual deformation and repeatable measurement of vibrational frequencies. This is tested with multiple fused deposition modeling (FDM) machines to assess measurement accuracy and repeatability. Printing orientation and some printing parameters are varied to assess the measurement sensitivity. Findings -The test methods show good correlation with manufacturer material specifications in the X-Y plane and reported elastic strain limits. It is also sensitive to printing orientation and printing parameters. Research limitations/implications -Further work is needed to assess the sensitivity of the method to particular defects and parameter errors expected in particular applications. Originality/value -This method supports process monitoring in production environments and inexpensive assessments of material properties for hobbyist and do-i-yourself users. While it is tested with FDM, it should be applicable to other additive manufacturing processes.

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Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress-limiting test structures for rapid low-cost strength and stiffness assessment

Katz

Nussbaum

Lusk

et al. 2015

Rapid Prototyping Journal

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“…Indirect methods include all others, e.g. nanoindentation [4], atomic force microscopy [5], ultrasound method [6], and resonance methods (transverse oscillations of bar or plate) [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kang et al [7] studied the cantilever beam with an equal section cross, and Young's modulus was calculated by the first-order natural frequency of the Euler-Bernoulli equation. Akhter et al [8] studied the higher-order bending vibration of the cantilever beam using the ESPI method, and the differences of Young's moduli obtained from different order natural frequencies of the Euler-Bernoulli beam were compared. Combined with the shear modulus, Kim et al [20] further calculated the Poisson's ratio of the cantilever beam.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accurate determination of the elastic moduli of optimized cantilever beams by efficient time-averaged ESPI system

Ma¹,

Quan²,

Yang³

et al. 2022

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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Elastic moduli, including Young's modulus, shear modulus, bulk modulus, etc., are key parameters that are used to characterize the ability of a solid material to resist various types of deformation. The moduli can be extracted from the natural frequencies of a cantilever beam. In this paper, the relationships between moduli and natural frequencies, for the first time, are quantified by the finite element method(FEM). The optimized three-dimensional proportion of the cantilever beam is selected to be implemented simple error compensation. Experimentally, to precisely obtain the natural frequencies of the cantilever beam, an efficient time-averaged electronic speckle pattern interferometry(ESPI) system has been developed. The efficiency and precision are reflected in the following aspects: firstly, according to the slender character of the cantilever beam, a large shear optical path arrangement is designed to facilitate isolation from environmental interference; secondly, a resonance search method, based on the moiré effect is employed to recognize the natural frequencies accurately and efficiently; thirdly, a novel dynamic phase-shifting method is proposed based on the arrangement of the large shear optical path for clearer visualization of the mode shape of the cantilever beam. The proposed methods are verified by three kinds of common materials. The results suggest that Young's modulus and shear modulus derived from natural frequencies are higher than the known value, and the error compensation can significantly reduce the calculation error. Furthermore, the experiments carried out on the woven carbon fiber reinforced plastic(CFRP) laminates illustrate the potential of the proposed methods in the evaluation of elastic moduli of composites. Given that the exciter attached to the specimen surfaces can be replaced with some special counterparts, the proposed ESPI system has considerable potential to test the objects loaded in some extreme environments, e.g., high temperatures or underwater, where contact detection methods are difficult to be implemented.

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“…Other methods have been developed in order to determine material properties using measurement techniques (Magalhaes, Braga & Barbosa, 2015;Martınez-Celorio et al, 2010). More specifically, some techniques use resonant frequencies to determine material elastic modulus by vibration analysis and average standard time speckle-electronic interferometry (Kima et al, 2007;Akhter et al, 2009). The use of optical methods (Schwenkea et al, 2002) to determine the elastic modulus from digital image correlation (Brynk et al, 2012) is also applied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of a Robotic Arm for Displacement Measurements in a Cantilever beam

Dias

Magalhães

Ferreira

et al. 2016

International Journal of Manufacturing, Materials, and Mechanical Engineering

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This paper is aimed to present a displacement measurements technique which was performed automatically in a cantilever beam using a robotic arm manipulator. This technique is based on the difference of measured coordinates of the robotic arm manipulator in order to provide displacement results. The robotic arm was supported by a micro-switch sensor which in contact with a sample, measured 21x3 points distributed along the sample. Measurements were performed before and after adding the loads on the free end of the cantilever beam, manufactured in ASTM A36 steel. Experiments were performed through loads of 1.96 N, 4.9 N, 9.8 N and 19.6 N using the robotic manipulator controller. Ten sets of measurement were performed for each load. The average and standard deviation for each set of points were also performed. Results were compared to Finite Element Method (FEM) simulations in order to verify the accuracy of the proposed compared to FEM results. Sum of squared errors presented values lower than 3% demonstrating the potentiality of the proposed technique for industries application.

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Determination of elastic modulus of a beam by using electronic speckle pattern interferometry

Cited by 9 publications

References 4 publications

Stress-limiting test structures for rapid low-cost strength and stiffness assessment

Stress-limiting test structures for rapid low-cost strength and stiffness assessment

Accurate determination of the elastic moduli of optimized cantilever beams by efficient time-averaged ESPI system

The Use of a Robotic Arm for Displacement Measurements in a Cantilever beam

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