Determination of dipole and quadrupole polarizabilities ofBa+by measurement of the fine structure of high-Ln=9

Abstract

The fine structure of high-angular-momentum n = 9 and 10 Rydberg states of barium has been measured precisely, using the resonant excitation Stark ionization spectroscopy method. Optical transitions corresponding to ͑n , nЈ͒ = ͑10, 30͒, ͑9,17͒, and ͑9,20͒ were induced with a Doppler-tuned CO 2 laser, determining the finestructure energies corresponding to all n = 9 and 10 levels with L ജ 6. The pattern of these fine-structure energies conforms closely with an effective potential model, by comparison with which the dipole and quadrupole polarizabilities of Ba + can be determined. Combining our data with earlier measurements made it possible to deduce, in addition, the portion of ␣ 2 due to the lowest excited D state of Ba + . Our best estimates of these three properties are ␣ 1 = 124.30͑16͒a 0 3 , ␣ 2 = 2462͑361͒a 0 5 , and ␣ 2 0 = 1828͑88͒a 0 5 .

Ba+quadrupole polarizabilities: Theory versus experiment

“…For the ground-state quadrupole polarizability in Ba + , the available experimental results [12][13][14] are not in agreement with each other or with the calculations that are reported in this work. Investigation of various properties using relativistic many-body methods for high-precision studies in this ion is useful in the context of a proposed parity-nonconservation experiment [15,16], searching for the nuclear anapole moment [17], estimation of the uncertainties for a proposed optical clock [18], determination of the nuclear octuple moment [19], etc.…”

“…It is clear (27) Experiment [12] 2050(100) Experiment [13] 2462(361) Experiment [14] 4420(250) Theory [29] 4091.5 Theory [30] 4182(34) Theory [31] 4821 from Table I that the dominant contributions (approximately 80%) come from the 5D states. Thus the accuracy of the ground-state quadrupole polarizability calculation depends primarily on the accurate determination of the E2 matrix elements of the 6S 1/2 → 5D 3/2 and 6S 1/2 → 5D 5/2 transitions.…”

Properties of Fr-like Th3+from spectroscopy of high-LRydberg levels of ThKeele1, Hanni2, Woods3 et al. 2011Phys. Rev. ASelf Cite150290View full textAdd to dashboardCite

“…Letters without parentheses denote transitions used during the fitting process, while letters with parentheses identify analogous lines not used in the fit. similar circumstance was encountered in studies of Rydberg levels of barium by Gallagher et al [15] and Snow et al [16].…”

“…This procedure is similar to that used by Snow et al in treating the nonadiabatic quadrupole polarization energies in barium Rydberg levels [16]. Figure 3 illustrates the importance of the strong nonadiabatic effects on the energies of n = 27 Rydberg levels of Th 2+ .…”

Separation of long-range and short-range interactions in Rydberg states of diatomic molecules

“…͑8͒. A full account of higher-order polarization interactions has been given in a long series of papers by Lundeen and co-workers, [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] and for a description of these polarization terms we refer interested readers to those documents.…”