Determination of depleted uranium in environmental samples by gamma-spectroscopic techniques

Karangelos, D.J.; Anagnostakis, M.J.; Hinis, E.P.; Simopoulos, S.E.; Žunić, Zora S.

doi:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2003.11.011

Cited by 30 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…This indicates that there may exist a radioactive balance between 238 U and 226 Ra. According to previous literature reports, there is depleted uranium pollution in addition to natural uranium in the sample when the 238 U/ 226 Ra ratio is greater than 5 [61]. Based on this information, it may be concluded that the uranium contents in the measured seven samples are all of natural origin.…”

Section: The Source Analysis Of Uraniummentioning

confidence: 50%

Radioactivity of Five Typical General Industrial Solid Wastes and its Influence in Solid Waste Recycling

Zhang

Cheng

et al. 2019

Minerals

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The level of radionuclides is an important index for the preparation of building materials from industrial solid waste. In order to investigate the radiological hazard of five kinds of typical general industrial solid wastes in Guizhou, China, including fly ash (FA), red mud (RM), phosphorus slag (PS), phosphogypsum (PG), and electrolytic manganese residue (EMR), the radiation intensity and associated radiological impact were studied. The results show that concentrations of 238U, 235U, 232Th, 226Ra, 210Pb, and 40K for different samples vary widely. The concentration of 238U was both positively correlated with 235U and 226Ra, and the uranium contents in the measured samples were all of natural origin. The radiation levels of PG, EMR, EMR-Na (EMR activated by NaOH), and EMR-Ca (EMR activated by Ca(OH)2) were all lower than the Chinese and the world’s recommended highest levels for materials allowed to be directly used as building materials. The values of the internal and external illumination index (IRa and Iγ, respectively) for FA and RM were higher (IRa > 1.0 and Iγ > 1.3 for FA, IRa > 2.0 and Iγ > 2.0 for RM). The radium equivalent activity (Raeq), indoor and outdoor absorbed dose (Din and Dout, respectively), and corresponding annual effective dose rate (Ein and Eout) of RM, PS, and FA were higher than the recommended limit values (i.e., 370 Bq/kg, 84 nGy/h, 59 nGy/h, 0.4 mSv/y, and 0.07 mSv/y, respectively), resulting from the higher relative contribution of 226Ra and 232Th. The portion of RM, FA, and PS in building materials should be less than 75.44%, 29.72%, and 66.01%, respectively. This study provides quantitative analysis for the safe utilization of FA, RM, PS, PG, and EMR in Guizhou building materials.

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Section: The Source Analysis Of Uraniummentioning

confidence: 50%

Radioactivity of Five Typical General Industrial Solid Wastes and its Influence in Solid Waste Recycling

Zhang

Cheng

et al. 2019

Minerals

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“…However, the analysis of the 186 keV photopeak into its two components is possible, provided that: a detector with very good resolution is available, gain of the order of 20 channel/keV is selected, sensitive analysis software and long counting times are used (Karangelos et al, 2004b). The analysis of 186 keV photopeak is further strongly influenced by any backscattered photons from higher energy photopeaks (e.g.…”

Section: Photopeak Interferencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the use of depleted uranium (DU) in military conflicts and the subsequent DU soil contamination, demonstrated the need for independent 235 U determination in environmental materials and today there are such reports available (Uyttenhove et al, 2002;Karangelos et al, 2004b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental radioactivity measurements and applications – Difficulties, current status and future trends

Anagnostakis

2015

Radiation Physics and Chemistry

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“…These harmful effects warrant the need for efficient methods to detect the DU from a small scale such as the DU dust to large scale surveys of its distribution over land areas [1]. The existing methods for DU detection exploit its radiation properties and depend on counting either the beta particles or gamma photons [2][3][4]. There is a need for further research to test the scalability of these techniques for large scale land surveys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and classification of buried radioactive-metal objects using wideband EMI data

Turlapaty

Younan

2011

2011 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium

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Gamma-ray spectroscopy is frequently used for the detection of radioactive materials. As an alternative, we explore the use of electromagnetic induction (EMI) data for detection and classification of radioactive-metal objects, i.e., depleted uranium (DU), in this study. To reduce false alarms, a pattern recognition approach based on a decision tree structure is proposed. In an initial experiment, the DU rounds were placed in rows at three different depths in a rectangular field and EMI measurements are taken. The DU objects placed up to depth 30 cm below surface were successfully detected and identified along with the depth information. The algorithm also outperformed traditional threshold detection based method in terms of discriminating objects at 30cm depth.

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Determination of depleted uranium in environmental samples by gamma-spectroscopic techniques

Cited by 30 publications

References 11 publications

Radioactivity of Five Typical General Industrial Solid Wastes and its Influence in Solid Waste Recycling

Radioactivity of Five Typical General Industrial Solid Wastes and its Influence in Solid Waste Recycling

Environmental radioactivity measurements and applications – Difficulties, current status and future trends

Detection and classification of buried radioactive-metal objects using wideband EMI data

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