Determination of Crystallographic Orientation and Exposed Facets of Titanium Oxide Nanocrystals

Abstract

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanocrystals have attracted great attention in heterogeneous photocatalysis and photoelectricity fields for decades. However, contradicting conclusions on the crystallographic orientation and exposed facets of TiO2 nanocrystals frequently appear in the literature. Herein, using anatase TiO2 nanocrystals with highly exposed {001} facets as a model, the misleading conclusions that exist on anatase nanocrystals are clarified. Although TiO2‐001 nanocrystals are recognized to be dominated by {001} facets, in fact, anatase nanocrystals with both dominant {001} and {111} facets always co‐exist due to the similarities in the lattice fringes and intersection angles between the two types of facets (0.38 nm and 90° in the [001] direction, 0.35 nm and 82° in the [111] direction). A paradigm for determining the crystallographic orientation and exposed facets based on transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis, which provides a universal methodology to nanomaterials for determining the orientation and exposed facets, is also given.

Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution over Pt–Pd dual atom sites anchored on TiO2 nanosheets

“…1e) showed the existence of TiO 2 (001) planes with a lattice spacing of 0.23 nm. 30 Furthermore, high-angle-annular-dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) was performed to investigate the architecture of Pt–Pd SAs/Vo-TiO 2 (Fig. 1f), which exhibited large amounts of marked bright points dispersed on the TiO 2 nanosheet surface, indicating the presence of atomically dispersed Pt/Pd sites.…”

“…1e) showed the existence of TiO 2 (001) planes with a lattice spacing of 0.23 nm. 30 Furthermore, high-angle-annular-dark-…”

Space‐Confined Metal Ion Strategy for Carbon Materials Derived from Cobalt Benzimidazole Frameworks with High Desalination Performance in Simulated Seawater

“…Therefore, compared with other materials, CoTi‐800 shows higher specific surface area and electrochemical performance. [ 42 ] In addition, anatase crystalline phase is considered to be a favorable structure for Na storage, [ 43 ] which can effectively decrease ion‐transport resistance and provide a short ion transport pathways. [ 44 ] The above results imply that using CoTi‐800 as an electrode material may significantly improve the CDI performance compared to the other CoM n+ ‐800 materials.…”

Modulation of Excitonic Confinement of TiO2 in Molten Salts for Overall CO2 Photoreduction†

“…[ 11‐12 ] Unfortunately, TiO 2 is short of excellent performances due to insufficient excitonic dissociation and limited electron‐hole separation. [ 13 ] Heteroatom doping is capable of concurrently modulating both the bulk configuration and band structures of catalysts. [ 8,14‐15 ] Molten salts are high‐temperature ionic liquids to provide homogeneous reaction medium.…”