Determination of Critical Temperature of Scuffing for AISI 8620 Steel Gear Contacts Lubricated by Dexron 6 Through Computational Simulation of Experiment

Li, Sheng; Kolivand, A.; Wei, Jing

doi:10.1115/1.4053702

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Contact temperature increased with increased with increase in operating parametersrotational velocity and torque along the line of action as shown in Figure 29. It is also noted that works on scuffing models using FEM or experimental models are also mainly focused on scuffing temperature, not on the dynamic responses [101][102][103][104][105][106].…”

Section: Gear Adhesive Wear Analytical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mathematical Complexities in Modelling Damage in Spur Gears

Oreavbiere,

Khan

2024

Machines

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Analytical modelling is an effective approach to obtaining a gear dynamic response or vibration pattern for health monitoring and useful life prediction. Many researchers have modelled this response with various fault conditions commonly observed in gears. The outcome of such models provides a good idea about the changes in the dynamic response available between different gear health states. Hence, a catalogue of the responses is currently available, which ought to aid predictions of the health of actual gears by their vibration patterns. However, these analytical models are limited in providing solutions to useful life prediction. This may be because a majority of these models used single fault conditions for modelling and are not valid to predict the remaining life of gears undergoing more than one fault condition. Existing reviews related to gear faults and dynamic modelling can provide an overview of fault modes, methods for modelling and health prediction. However, these reviews are unable to provide the critical similarities and differences in the single-fault dynamic models to ascertain the possibility of developing models under combined fault modes. In this paper, existing analytical models of spur gears are reviewed with their associated challenges to predict the gear health state. Recommendations for establishing more realistic models are made especially in the context of modelling combined faults and their possible impact on gear dynamic response and health prediction.

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Section: Gear Adhesive Wear Analytical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most gear fault models study only one fault, and gears may fail from the effect of It is also noted that works on scuffing models using FEM or experimental models are also mainly focused on scuffing temperature, not on the dynamic responses [101][102][103][104][105][106].…”

Section: Analytical Models With Combined Faultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical Complexities in Modelling Damage in Spur Gears

Oreavbiere,

Khan

2024

Machines

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“…The greater the surface roughness of DLSM-TD gear teeth, the higher the risk of scuffing failure by reason of an growing number of contact points (tiny bumps). Li et al[39] highlighted the significance of the number and height of these tiny bumps in determining the scuffing load of gears. The contact points, comprising the contact zone and the oil film region, experienced a lack of lubricating oil film, especially in the contact zone where the lubricating oil film thinned due to the heat generated by friction.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of discrete laser surface melting on scuffing resistance of W6Mo5Cr4V2 steel gear

Lv,

Cui,

Sun

et al. 2024

Surf. Topogr.: Metrol. Prop.

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The gear transmission system is advancing towards high-speed and heavy-duty applications. Among the main failure modes of the system, tooth surface scuffing due to increased tooth surface temperature has emerged as a prominent concern in mechanical transmission. Addressing the enhancement of gear scuffing resistance has thus become an urgent challenge in this field. This paper utilized discrete laser surface melting (DLSM) treatment to create discrete laser surface melted (DLSMed) units on the surface of W6Mo5Cr4V2 steel gears, resembling the radial ribs found on the surface of Limaria basilica. The paper investigated the size, hardness, residual austenite content, and residual stress of the DLSMed units at varying current intensities and laser frequencies. Microstructural observations were conducted on the DLSMed units, followed by gear scuffing experiments performed on the Forschungsstelle für Zahnräder und Getriebebau (FZG) testing machine. The experimental findings revealed that the change in laser frequency had a clearly weaker impact on the size of the DLSMed unit compared to current intensity. The DLSMed unit consisted of two parts: the melting zone (MZ) and the heat-affected zone (HAZ), with equiaxed and dendritic microstructures, respectively. Both zones exhibited refinement with increasing current intensity and laser frequency. Moreover, the microhardness of the DLSMed unit showed significant improvement compared to that of as-received gears. The scuffing resistance of DLSMed gears was found to be closely linked to their initial surface roughness. Residual stress formation in DLSMed gears was attributed to thermal stress and microstructural stress. The distribution pattern of DLSMed units had varying effects on the scuffing load-carrying capacity of DLSMed gears. Specifically, DLSMed gears with transverse distribution of DLSMed units demonstrated a 12.5% improvement in anti-scuffing performance compared to those with longitudinal distribution. Finally, this paper elucidated the mechanism through which DLSM enhances the scuffing resistance of W6Mo5Cr4V2 steel gears.

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“…Both these trends mean that scuffing is becoming more prevalent and of increasing concern to lubricant formulators [3]. Scuffing has also been identified as a likely problem in high-speed electric vehicle transmissions [4].…”

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confidence: 99%

In-Situ Observation of the Effect of the Tribofilm Growth on Scuffing in Rolling-Sliding Contact

2022

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General reductions in lubricant viscosities in many machine components mean that the role of lubricant additives in forming tribofilms has become increasingly important to provide adequate surface protection against scuffing. However, the relationship between scuffing and the formation and removal of tribofilms has not been systematically demonstrated. In this study, a step-sliding speed scuffing test based on contra-rotation using MTM-SLIM and ETM-SLIM has been employed to observe concurrently tribofilm thickness and the onset of scuffing. The initial sliding speed used was found to significantly affect scuffing performance since it determines the extent to which a tribofilm can form before critical sliding speed conditions are reached. In general, additives that formed thicker tribofilms, especially ZDDPs and triphenyl phosphate, gave effective protection against scuffing, though their protective tribofilms were progressively removed at higher sliding speeds, eventually resulting in scuffing. Graphical Abstract

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Determination of Critical Temperature of Scuffing for AISI 8620 Steel Gear Contacts Lubricated by Dexron 6 Through Computational Simulation of Experiment

Cited by 4 publications

References 24 publications

Mathematical Complexities in Modelling Damage in Spur Gears

Mathematical Complexities in Modelling Damage in Spur Gears

Influence of discrete laser surface melting on scuffing resistance of W6Mo5Cr4V2 steel gear

In-Situ Observation of the Effect of the Tribofilm Growth on Scuffing in Rolling-Sliding Contact

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