Determination of Coxiella burnetii seroprevalence in macropods in Australia

Cooper, Alanna; Barnes, Tamsin S.; Potter, Abbey; Ketheesan, Natkunam; Govan, Brenda

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.08.023

Cited by 26 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…Similar high prevalence rates of Q fever were reported in 1960 in kangaroos in western Queensland 10. Recent kangaroo seroprevalence studies reported in 2012 showed similar high prevalence rates (11% to 25% near Ipswich, and up to 40% in areas near our case) 9. Although association does not prove causality, our patient's repeated exposure to carcases of kangaroos and wallabies as part of her work was a potential source of infection.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Life-threatening Q fever infection following exposure to kangaroos and wallabies

et al. 2015

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Life-threatening Q fever infection following exposure to kangaroos and wallabies

et al. 2015

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“…In comparison, general populations in Australia report a seroprevalence of two to five per cent in metropolitan areas (Gidding et al, ; Tozer et al, ). This is supported by reports of Q fever outbreaks associated with cat and dog births (Gibbons & White, ; Kopecny et al, ; Malo et al, ), Q fever disease among cat breeders (Shapiro, Norris, Bosward, & Heller, ), and the detection of C. burnetii in a large variety of domestic and wild animal species in Australia (Cooper, Barnes, Potter, Ketheesan, & Govana, ; Shapiro, Bosward, Heller, & Norris, ; Shapiro, Norris, Heller, & Bosward, ; Tozer et al, ). While reports of disease associated with non‐ruminant species and within metropolitan areas are low, the consequence of clinical Q fever disease for those affected may be severe.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Coxiella burnetiiseroprevalence in unvaccinated veterinary workers in Australia: Evidence to support Q fever vaccination

Sellens

Bosward

Norris

et al. 2019

Zoonoses and Public Health

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Q fever (caused by Coxiella burnetii) is a serious zoonotic disease that occurs almost worldwide. Occupational contact with animals increases the risk of exposure, and Q fever vaccination is recommended for veterinary workers in Australia. This study aimed to investigate C. burnetii seroprevalence among unvaccinated veterinary workers in Australia and determine factors associated with a positive serological result. During 2014 and 2015, convenience sampling at veterinary conferences and workplace vaccination clinics was undertaken. Participants completed a questionnaire and provided a blood sample for C. burnetii serology. Participants were predominantly veterinarians (77%), but veterinary support staff, animal scientists, and administration workers also participated. Blood samples (n = 192) were analysed by an immunofluorescence assay and considered positive where the phase I or phase II IgG titre was ≥1/50. Seroprevalence was 19% (36/192; 95% CI 14%–25%). A positive serological result was significantly associated with (a) working in outer regional/remote areas (odds ratio [OR] 6.2; 95% CI 1.9–20.8; reference = major cities; p = .009) and (b) having spent more than 50% of total career working with ruminants (OR 4.8; 95% CI 1.7–13.5; reference = <15% of career; p = .025). These findings confirm an increased risk of exposure to C. burnetii compared to the general population, providing new evidence to support Q fever vaccination of veterinary workers in Australia.

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“…37 Macropod seropositivity to C. burnetii in Queensland and western Australia has been reported. 38 Several Australian tick species have been shown to contain C. burnetii DNA 39 including A. triguttatum (from macropods) and Haemaphysalis humerosa (from bandicoots, which are known to be an important reservoir for C. burnetii). Ixodes holocyclus, the paralysis tick, which is the main human-biting tick in Australia and Bothriocroton auruginans, the wombat tick, also harbor C. burnetii.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endemic Q Fever in New South Wales, Australia: A Case Series (2005–2013)

Graves

Islam

2016

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Q fever is endemic in Australia, and during the period 2005-2013 our laboratory diagnosed 379 cases in New South Wales. To evaluate clinical symptoms, epidemiology, mode of diagnosis, antibody profiles, and treatment, a subset of 160 (42%) Q fever cases were analyzed in detail following the return of a questionnaire by the patient's doctor and from their laboratory reports. Overall, 82% patients were male and predominantly middle aged. The majority of patients (89%) had animal contact among which 63% were with cattle, 11% with sheep, and 7% with kangaroos. Clinical symptoms were nonspecific: myalgia (94%), fever (91%), headache (80%), acute fatigue (64%), and arthralgia (55%). Most cases (93%) were acute, and serology (immunofluorescence) was the main diagnostic modality. Positive real-time polymerase chain reaction results were useful in the diagnosis of both acute and chronic Q fever, as was the isolation of Coxiella burnetii in cell culture. Doxycycline was the antibiotic most commonly used. BACKGROUND

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Determination of Coxiella burnetii seroprevalence in macropods in Australia

Cited by 26 publications

References 16 publications

Life-threatening Q fever infection following exposure to kangaroos and wallabies

Life-threatening Q fever infection following exposure to kangaroos and wallabies

Coxiella burnetiiseroprevalence in unvaccinated veterinary workers in Australia: Evidence to support Q fever vaccination

Endemic Q Fever in New South Wales, Australia: A Case Series (2005–2013)

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