Determination of conjugated and free isoflavones in some legumes by LC–MS/MS

Phytoestrogens in foods on the Nordic market

“…Small amounts were found in licorice (0.038 mg/kg fw) and lima beans (n.d.-0.1 mg/kg fw) Mazur et al, 1998b;Liggins et al, 2000b;Thompson et al, 2006) and higher amounts in soybeans, but the levels varied dependent on the material under investigation. Konar et al (2012) compared the level of coumestrol in six legumes (chickpea, red kidney bean, haricot bean, yellow lentil, red lentil, and green lentil), and in agreement with the data given above, found comparatively low and equal levels. The lowest amount occurred in chickpeas (0.0065 mg/kg fw); the other legumes studied contained between 0.0164 and 0.0185 mg coumestrol/kg fw.…”

“…But it is found in far from all legumes. Thus, no coumestrol, or very low levels (≤0.02 mg/kg fw or ≤0.05 mg/kg dw), have been reported for broad bean (Vicia faba), chickpeas (Cicer arietinum), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), common bean (Phaseouls vulgaris), lentil (Lens culinaris), lupin (Lupinus mutabilis), mung bean (Vigna radiata), peanut (Arachis hypogaea), peas (Pisum sativum), pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan), and Tepary beans (Phaseolus acutifolius) Kaufman et al, 1997;Mazur & Adlercreutz, 1998;Mazur et al, 1998b;Horn-Ross et al, 2000;Liggins et al, 2000b;Thompson et al, 2006;Konar et al, 2012). Small amounts were found in licorice (0.038 mg/kg fw) and lima beans (n.d.-0.1 mg/kg fw) Mazur et al, 1998b;Liggins et al, 2000b;Thompson et al, 2006) and higher amounts in soybeans, but the levels varied dependent on the material under investigation.…”

“…High isoflavone contents were found in soybean (Glycine max) and in red clover (Trifolium trapense) and white clover (Trifolium repens). Konar et al (2012), in comparing the level of conjugated and free isoflavones in six legumes (chickpea, red kidney bean, haricot bean, yellow lentil, red lentil, and green lentil), found chickpeas to be the best source of isoflavones among these six legumes, the total content being 3.078 mg/kg. It contained significant amounts of biochanin A and its conjugated form sissotrin.…”

Identification of complex, naturally occurring flavonoid glycosides in Vicia faba and Pisum sativum leaves by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn and the genotypic effect on their flavonoid profile

“…So, flavone glycosides are mainly present in the leaves of Lupinus angustifolius (Duenas, Hernandez, Estrella, & Fernandez, 2009) and Medicago truncatula. Isoflavones are present in the seeds of Lens culinaris, Phaseolus vulgaris, and Cicer arietinum (Konar, Poyrazoglu, Demir, & Artik, 2012) and M. truncatula (Farag, Huhman, Lei, & Sumner, 2007). In contrast, V. faba and P. sativum leaves are mainly characterized by flavonols (Ferreres, Esteban, Carpenaruiz, Jimenez, & Tomas-Barberan, 1995;Tomas-Lorente, Garciagrau, Tomas-Barberan, & Nieto, 1989).…”

Possible Risks in Caucasians by Consumption of Isoflavones Extracts Based

“…The total isoflavone concentrations of yellow split lentils, green lentils, red lentils and haricot beans were each below 200.0 mu g/kg. However it was determined that the legumes commonly consumed in Western diets (those analyzed in this study) are not so concentrated as soy and soy products as sources of Isoflavones [48].…”