Determination of co-metabolism for 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl) ethane (DDT) degradation with enzymes from Trametes versicolor U97

Decolorization of Black Liquor Wastewater Generated from Bioethanol Process by Using Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches

“…T. versicolor U97 cultures grown in liquid medium turned brown on the 10 th day means the production of the enzymes of the lignin degradation system was occured. Previous studies showed that T. versicolor U97 was able to degrade RBBR and DDT [17,25]. However, compare with chemical treatment such as coagulation-flocculation, this method was not so effective.…”

“…They were maintained on malt extract agar (MEA) medium at 25°C for 7 days in a stationary culture [17]. An agar plug of fungi on maintained agar medium in Petri dish with diameter 9 cm was tested for growth on AG medium containing 30,000 ppm of black liquor [14].…”

“…Irfan et al (2013) reported that by using combination of ferric chloride and aluminum chloride, black liquor wastewater from pulp and paper mills process was decolorized up to 95%. On the other hand, white-rot fungi (WRF) are often used to degrade a wide variety of pollutants which resembling lignin structure because these fungi secrete one or more enzymes such as lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase, and laccase [17]. Because the biggest content of black liquor is lignin, WRFare expected to decolorize black liquor wastewater [14].…”

Biodegradation of DDE and DDT by Bacterial Strain Stenotrophomonas sp. DXZ9

“…Previous publications indicate that multiple microorganisms could degrade DDT by the co-metabolism mode, and the co-metabolic degradation of DDT and DDE is involved in the utilization of growth substitution and the substitution specificity of degraded enzymes [25]. Previous literature has indicated that microorganisms might have a powerful enzymatic system that is responsible for the degradation of pollutants [26], but various microorganisms require a different substrate to metabolize pollutants.…”

“…DDE could be degraded by the dechlorination enzymes, dioxygenase and hydrolase in the appropriate conditions [33]. Sari [25] reported that dioxygenase and lignin peroxidase levels were higher with the addition of DDT, and these two enzymes play important roles in the degradation of DDT. Further research is needed to prove whether the extracellular enzyme or intracellular enzyme systems take part in the process of DDE degradation and confirm the type of enzymes in our prospective study.…”