Determination of citrulline in human plasma, red blood cells and urine by electron impact (EI) ionization gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Rougé, Carole; Robert, C.; Robins, Alexander; Bacquer, Olivier Le; Cochetière, Marie-France de la

doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2008.01.055

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Despite a wide variability, urinary citrulline excretion was dramatically higher in the premature infants enrolled in the present study than in healthy adults (34 ( sd 33) v. 0·9 ( sd 0·1) μmol/mmol creatinine; P < 0·0001), measured using the same assay ( 14 , 15 ) , and higher than the 0–11 μmol/mmol creatinine reported in term infants ( 16 ) . Such high levels of citrulline excretion may arise from either impaired citrulline tubular reabsorption, or impaired conversion of citrulline to arginine, as very low activity of argininosuccinate synthase and arginosuccinate lyase, the two key enzymes involved in citrulline conversion to arginine, has been reported in the renal proximal tubule of premature piglets ( 17 ) .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 62%

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Urinary citrulline in very low birth weight preterm infants receiving intravenous nutrition

et al. 2011

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As gut immaturity precludes full enteral feeding, very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants receive parenteral nutrition (PN) during the first few weeks of life. Weaning VLBW infants off PN, however, is a top priority since PN is associated with a high risk of complications. The decision making is purely empirical, as there is currently no suitable index of gastrointestinal (GI) maturity. Plasma citrulline concentration is considered an index of GI function in conditions such as short-bowel syndrome and coeliac disease in adults. To identify the factors determining urinary citrulline excretion, and determine whether urinary citrulline excretion could be used as a non-invasive index of GI tolerance to enteral feeding, nutritional intake and urinary citrulline were monitored bi-weekly in forty-seven preterm infants , 1500 g (interquartiles 880-1320 g), during their stay in the Neonatology unit. Median urinary citrulline was 24·7 mmol/mmol creatinine (14·5-38·6 mmol/mmol creatinine). No relationship was observed with the percentage of energy tolerated enterally. In multivariate regression analysis, weak correlations were found with post-conceptional age (P¼ 0·001), parenteral amino acid supply (P¼ 0·001) and the daily volume of enteral mixture administered (P¼ 0·043). A significant correlation was found with urinary nitrite þ nitrate excretion (r 0·47; P,0·001). We conclude that in preterm infants: (1) one of the major determinants of urinary citrulline may be the biosynthesis of citrulline from arginine by NO-synthase; (2) urinary citrulline cannot be used to predict GI tolerance. This is consistent with the observations that, in neonatal gut, citrulline is converted to arginine in situ rather than exported towards the kidneys as observed in adults.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 62%

“…Citrulline concentration was determined by electron impact GC-MS using 2 H 7 -citrulline as an internal standard as described ( 14 , 15 ) . Urinary nitrates and nitrites were quantified by a commercial kit (Roche-Diagnostic), following the Griess method.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary citrulline in very low birth weight preterm infants receiving intravenous nutrition

et al. 2011

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“…ologies using columns with particle sizes of 2-3 m could reduce the time needed for chromatography to about 16 min [4,5]. To enhance sensitivity and selectivity a multistep pre-analytical step including derivatization is also obligatory, with the drawback of suboptimal scores in quality control programs [6][7][8][9][10]. In a recent publication liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used on dried blood spot samples though critical details about sample preparation conditions were lacking [10].…”

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confidence: 99%

Plasma citrulline measurement using UPLC tandem mass-spectrometry to determine small intestinal enterocyte pathology

Demacker

Beijers

Daal

et al. 2009

Journal of Chromatography B

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“…Most of them are based on chromatographic separation, which usually involves pre-or post-column derivatization of the amino acid (Stein & Moore, 1954;Efron et al, 1964;Neveux et al, 2004;Duranton et al, 2014). Although plasma, serum and urine are commonly used as test samples, whole blood or erythrocytes are also reported as potential samples for clinical evaluation (Efron et al, 1964;Rougé et al, 2008). The latter, however, due to the very complex matrix require highly-selective analytical techniques such as mass spectrometry (MS).…”

Section: Citrulline Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regular citrulline level assessments help monitor the function of the small-intestinal mucosa (Häberle et al, 2002;van de Poll et al, 2007). Moreover, citrulline levels are closely correlated with the duodenal and small-intestinal length as well as with intestinal absorptive capacity (Hozyasz et al, 2010;Rougé et al, 2008;Yu et al, 2005). It is equally important to underline, however, that citrulline concentration does not provide etiologic diagnosis but is only a biomarker of the expected course of intestinal disease and prognosis in severe enteropathy or intestinal failure.…”

Section: The Role Of Citrulline In the Assessment And Monitoring Of Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma citrulline level as a biomarker for cancer therapy-induced small bowel mucosal damage.

et al. 2014

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Regimen-related mucosal toxicity is extremely common following cytotoxic chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Mucositis is as an important determinant of the inflammatory response and infectious complications in cancer treated patients. Most assessment scales for mucosal damage are focussed on oral mucositis, since it is easy to evaluate. Measuring gastrointestinal musocal damage objectively remains difficult because it cannot be seen directly or readily detected. One of potential non-invasive biomarkers of gastrointestinal mucosal damage is plasma citrulline level. Citrulline is an amino acid produced by small bowel enterocytes. Low concentration of free circulating citrulline signifies severe intestinal mucosal damage in humans with nonmalignant disorders, such as villous atrophy-associated diseases, short bowel syndrome, Crohn's disease, and is used in follow-up after small bowel transplantation. The plasma citrulline level is a reliable and objective biochemical marker of enterocyte mass and function in humans, and therefore can be used to monitor enterocyte toxicity resulting from chemotherapy and radiotherapy during anticancer therapy in patients with severely disturbed gut integrity.

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Determination of citrulline in human plasma, red blood cells and urine by electron impact (EI) ionization gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Cited by 12 publications

References 36 publications

Urinary citrulline in very low birth weight preterm infants receiving intravenous nutrition

Urinary citrulline in very low birth weight preterm infants receiving intravenous nutrition

Plasma citrulline measurement using UPLC tandem mass-spectrometry to determine small intestinal enterocyte pathology

Plasma citrulline level as a biomarker for cancer therapy-induced small bowel mucosal damage.

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