Determination of circulating antibodies directed to pertussis toxin and of agglutinogens in children vaccinated with either the whole cell or component pertussis vaccine in France, Japan and Senegal

Relyveld, E. H.; Oato, Noriko Hikino; Guérin, N.; Coursaget, Pierre; Huet, M.; Gupta, Rajesh K.

doi:10.1016/0264-410x(91)90224-t

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Antibodies to PT did not last for more than 2 years after vaccination with a wP vaccine, and we considered titers of antibodies to PT of Ն100 EU/ml in the absence of a booster dose within the 2 years before sampling as indicative of a recent infection with B. pertussis (10). AGG, i.e., antibodies that agglutinate bacteria, directed mostly against fimbrial antigens, were detected using the microagglutination test (17). Positive results were defined as values equal to or greater than the value of the first dilution tested (1/20 dilution).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole-Cell Pertussis Vaccine Induces Low Antibody Levels in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Children Living in Sub-Saharan Africa

Tejiokem

Njamkepo

Gouandjika

et al. 2009

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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The WHO recommendations for the immunization of children infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) differ slightly from the guidelines for uninfected children. The introduction of antiretroviral therapy for HIV-infected infants should considerably prolong their life expectancy. The question of the response to the whole-cell pertussis (wP) vaccine should now be addressed, particularly in countries in which pertussis remains endemic. To evaluate the persistence of antibodies to the wP vaccine in HIV-infected and uninfected children who had previously received this vaccine in routine clinical practice, we conducted a cross-sectional study of children aged 18 to 36 months, born to HIV-infected mothers and living in Cameroon or the Central African Republic. We tested blood samples for antibodies to the wP vaccine and for antibodies to diphtheria and tetanus toxoids (D and T, respectively) in the context of the use of a combined DTwP vaccine. We enrolled 50 HIV-infected children and 78 uninfected, HIV-exposed children in the study. A lower proportion of HIV-infected children than uninfected children had antibodies against the antigens tested for all valences of the DTwP vaccine. Agglutinin levels were substantially lower in HIV-infected than in HIV-exposed but uninfected children (30.0% versus 55.1%, respectively; P ‫؍‬ 0.005). We also observed a high risk of low antibody levels in response to the DTwP vaccine in HIV-infected children with severe immunodeficiency (CD4 T-cell level, <25%). The concentrations of antibodies induced by the DTwP vaccine were lower in HIV-infected children than in uninfected children. This study supports the need for a booster dose of the DTwP vaccine in order to maintain high antibody levels in HIV-infected children.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole-Cell Pertussis Vaccine Induces Low Antibody Levels in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Children Living in Sub-Saharan Africa

Tejiokem

Njamkepo

Gouandjika

et al. 2009

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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“…antibodies that agglutinate bacteria mostly directed against fimbrial antigens, were measured. These AGG were detected by the classical micro-agglutination test [8]. Adequate results were defined as values equal to or superior to the value for the first dilution tested (1/20 dilution).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV-Infected Children Living in Central Africa Have Low Persistence of Antibodies to Vaccines Used in the Expanded Program on Immunization

et al. 2007

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BackgroundThe Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) is the most cost-effective measures to control vaccine-preventable diseases. Currently, the EPI schedule is similar for HIV-infected children; the introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART) should considerably prolong their life expectancy.Methods and Principal FindingsTo evaluate the persistence of antibodies to the EPI vaccines in HIV-infected and HIV-exposed uninfected children who previously received these vaccines in routine clinical practice, we conducted a cross-sectional study of children, aged 18 to 36 months, born to HIV-infected mothers and living in Central Africa. We tested blood samples for antibodies to the combined diphtheria, tetanus, and whole-cell pertussis (DTwP), the measles and the oral polio (OPV) vaccines. We enrolled 51 HIV-infected children of whom 33 were receiving ART, and 78 HIV-uninfected children born to HIV-infected women. A lower proportion of HIV-infected children than uninfected children had antibodies to the tested antigens with the exception of the OPV types 1 and 2. This difference was substantial for the measles vaccine (20% of the HIV-infected children and 56% of the HIV-exposed uninfected children, p<0.0001). We observed a high risk of low antibody levels for all EPI vaccines, except OPV types 1 and 2, in HIV-infected children with severe immunodeficiency (CD4+ T cells <25%).Conclusions and SignificanceChildren were examined at a time when their antibody concentrations to EPI vaccines would have still not undergone significant decay. However, we showed that the antibody concentrations were lowered in HIV-infected children. Moreover, antibody concentration after a single dose of the measles vaccine was substantially lower than expected, particularly low in HIV-infected children with low CD4+ T cell counts. This study supports the need for a second dose of the measles vaccine and for a booster dose of the DTwP and OPV vaccines to maintain the antibody concentrations in HIV-infected and HIV-exposed uninfected children.

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“…(ii) Microagglutination assay. Antibodies against AG were detected by the classical microagglutination test (23). Detection was considered positive when the result was superior to 1/20 dilution.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term human serum antibody responses after immunization with whole-cell pertussis vaccine in France

Grimprel

Bègué

Anjak

et al. 1996

Clin Diagn Lab Immunol

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Three hundred sixty children were tested for pertussis serology 0.5 to 158 months after complete whole-cell pertussis vaccination. An immunoblot assay was used to detect serum antibodies to pertussis toxin, filamentous hemagglutinin, adenylate cyclase-hemolysin, and pertactin, and agglutination was used for detection of antiagglutinogen antibodies. Antibodies against pertussis toxin, pertactin, and agglutinogens decreased rapidly after vaccination but increased secondarily, suggesting exposure to infected persons. In contrast, anti-filamentous hemagglutinin antibodies persisted and anti-adenylate cyclase-hemolysin antibodies increased continuously, suggesting either cross-reaction with non-Bordetella antigens or exposure to Bordetella isolates expressing these two antigens, including Bordetella pertussis. These data suggest that unrecognized pertussis is common in France despite massive and sustained immunization in infants and that vaccinated children become susceptible to infection more than 6 years after their last vaccination.

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Determination of circulating antibodies directed to pertussis toxin and of agglutinogens in children vaccinated with either the whole cell or component pertussis vaccine in France, Japan and Senegal

Cited by 15 publications

References 20 publications

Whole-Cell Pertussis Vaccine Induces Low Antibody Levels in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Children Living in Sub-Saharan Africa

Whole-Cell Pertussis Vaccine Induces Low Antibody Levels in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Children Living in Sub-Saharan Africa

HIV-Infected Children Living in Central Africa Have Low Persistence of Antibodies to Vaccines Used in the Expanded Program on Immunization

Long-term human serum antibody responses after immunization with whole-cell pertussis vaccine in France

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