Determination of chemical composition, energy content, and amino acid digestibility in different wheat cultivars fed to growing pigs1

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the DE, ME, and apparent (AID) and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of AA in different wheat cultivars fed to growing pigs. In Exp. 1, twelve crossbred growing barrows were allotted to a replicated 6 × 6 Latin square design to determine the DE and ME contents of 12 different wheat cultivars. In Exp. 2, twelve growing barrows with a simple T-cannula were used to determine the AID and SID of AA in 10 different wheat cultivars. Pigs were randomly allotted to a replicated 6 × 6 Latin square design and fed one nitrogen-free diet and 10 different cultivars of wheat diets. Among different wheat cultivars, the concentrations of GE, CP, NDF, ADF, and starch ranged from 4,385 to 4,458 kcal/kg, 12.95% to 18.14%, 9.16% to 13.89%, 1.93% to 2.92% and 60.81% to 70.77%, respectively (DM basis). There were significant differences (P < 0.05) in the DE, ME values, and the ATTD of GE in 12 different cultivars of wheat in Exp. 1. The DE and ME contents and the ATTD of GE ranged (P < 0.05) from 3,922 to 4,067 kcal/kg DM, 3,759 to 3,941 kcal/kg DM and 88.14% to 90.31%, respectively. The best prediction equations of DE and ME for different cultivars of wheat cultivars were DE = −2,738 -(40.8 × % ADF) + (1.7 × GE) -(51.5 × % Xylans) -(95.7 × % Ash) + (22.3 × % EE), R 2 = 0.98, and ME = −2,990 + (1.7 × GE) -(50.2 × % Xylans) -( 87.6 × % Ash), R 2 = 0.88, respectively. There were also differences (P < 0.05) in the AID and SID of CP and indispensable AA, expect for His, in 10 wheat cultivars in Exp. 2. The AID and SID of CP, Lys, and Met ranged (P < 0.05) from 82.02% to 89.46%, 74.13% to 84.73%, 87.35% to 92.49% and 87.56% to 94.04%, 80.56% to 89.89%, 89.56% to 94.45%, respectively. In conclusion, the chemical composition, energy contents, and most AA digestibility in different cultivars of wheat varied widely.

Comprehensive overview of the quality of plant‐ And animal‐sourced proteins based on the digestible indispensable amino acid score

“…Genotype or cultivar considerably influences AA content, AA composition, and SID (Spindler et al., 2016; Strang, Eklund, Rosenfelder‐Kuon, Htoo, & Mosenthin, 2017; Zhao et al., 2019). Similarly, the content of antinutritional factors (ANFs), for example, glycoalkaloid, glucosinolates, protease inhibitors, phytate, and saponins, differs among genotypes (Oomah et al., 2011; Sharma, Kaur, Goyal, & Gill, 2014).…”

“…Wheat 37 Cervantes-Pahm et al, (2014); CVB, (2016); Lee, Ahn, ; Mathai et al, (2017); McGhee & Stein, (2018); NRC, (2012); Pedersen et al, (2007); Sauvant et al, (2004); Wang, Osho, & Adeola, (2018); Woyengo et al, (2014); Zhao et al, (2019) Rice 3 CVB, (2016); Gottlob et al, (2006 TA B L E 1 Datasets collected to calculate DIAAS of protein sources For a mixture of three protein sources, a similar scheme was used:…”

“…Genotype or cultivar considerably influences AA content, AA composition, and SID (Spindler et al, 2016;Strang, Eklund, Rosenfelder-Kuon, Htoo, & Mosenthin, 2017;Zhao et al, 2019).…”

Physicochemical properties and energy content of yellow dent corn from different climatic origins in growing pigs

“…For some other cereal grains commonly used in swine diets, the ATTD of GE was reported to be greater than that of corn grains. For example, the ATTD of GE in 8 low-tannin sorghum cultivars ranged from 87.15% to 89.89% [ 27 ], and the ATTD of GE in 12 wheat cultivar ranged from 88.14% to 90.31% [ 28 ].…”

Major cereal carbohydrates in relation to intestinal health of monogastric animals: A review

“…This shows that utilization of 2 natural sources of AX could also enormously benefit the gut of animals. However, wheat and rye cultivars are the primary sources of AX in single stomach animal diet, but are faced with the challenge of wide variation in chemical composition, energy contents, and amino acid digestibility (Zhao et al., 2018a). This limits the potentials that wheat and rye cultivars could provide in animal feed and nutrition.…”