Determination of Carbonyl Compounds Generated from the E-cigarette Using Coupled Silica Cartridges Impregnated with Hydroquinone and 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine, Followed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Abstract

Carbonyl compounds in E-cigarette smoke mist were measured using coupled silica cartridges impregnated with hydroquinone and 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine, followed by high-performance liquid chromatography. A total of 363 E-cigarettes (13 brands) were examined. Four of the 13 E-cigarette brands did not generate any carbonyl compounds, while the other nine E-cigarette brands generated various carbonyl compounds. However, the carbonyl concentrations of the E-cigarette products did not show typical distributions, and the mean values were largely different from the median values. It was elucidated that E-cigarettes incidentally generate high concentrations of carbonyl compounds.

Prevalence and Determinants of Secondhand Smoke Exposure Among Middle and High School Students

“…Use of e-cigarettes and other electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) in public indoor areas might passively expose bystanders (eg, children, nonsmokers) to nicotine and other potentially harmful constituents. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Moreover, some ENDS can be modified to deliver marijuana and other psychoactive substances. 29 Prohibitions on ENDS use in public places are critical to maintain clean indoor air standards and to help Self-reported SHS exposure in the home, in a vehicle, or at school was defi ned as a report by a student that he or she had breathed the smoke from someone who was smoking tobacco products in the specifi ed environment within the past 7 days.…”

NIH Electronic Cigarette Workshop: Developing a Research Agenda

“…For glycerol-containing solutions, one concern is that when heated they can produce acrolein, a compound shown to be harmful to lung function. [53][54][55] Propylene glycol can cause airway irritation, eye inflammation, and nasal congestion, 56,57 and some of these effects have been reported by users of e-cigarettes. 51,58 The health effects of inhaling these constituents repeatedly throughout each day for years need to be evaluated.…”

Electronic cigarettes—A review of the physiological health effects

“…For example, Blair et al (2015) discovered detectable levels of acetaldehyde (suspected carcinogen), acrolein (inflammatory agent), and acetone (central nervous system depressant) in EC aerosols, though in lower amounts than in CCs. Uchiyama et al (2013) detected formaldehyde (potent carcinogen), acetaldehyde, acetone, acrolein, glyoxal (mutagen), and methylglyoxal (mutagen) in EC aerosol from nine out of 13 EC brands tested. Some of these toxicants (e.g., glyoxals) do not appear in CC smoke (Uchiyama et al 2013).…”

“…Uchiyama et al (2013) detected formaldehyde (potent carcinogen), acetaldehyde, acetone, acrolein, glyoxal (mutagen), and methylglyoxal (mutagen) in EC aerosol from nine out of 13 EC brands tested. Some of these toxicants (e.g., glyoxals) do not appear in CC smoke (Uchiyama et al 2013). These results are supported by other studies.…”