Determination of cadmium and copper in water and food samples by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction combined with UV–vis spectrophotometry

Health risks associated with heavy metals in the drinking water of Swat, northern Pakistan

“…Different multivariate and univariate statistical analyses such as one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), inter-metals correlation and principal component analysis (PCA) were applied to understand the relationships (Muhammad et al, 2011). These approaches have been previously employed in various studies in other areas of the world to investigate the relationship between contaminated water and human health Wen et al, 2011;Avino et al, 2011;Muhammad et al, 2010Muhammad et al, , 2011Jang, 2010).…”

Determination of thallium in environmental samples by surfactant assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with first order derivative spectrophotometry

“…Considering the analytical instruments coupled with DLLME, many advanced instruments used in previous studies are expensive and energy intensive. In comparison, spectrophotometer is a simple instrument but very cost-effective and widely used for analysis of different metal ions in several matrices such as water, food samples and pharamaceutical samples [39].…”

Separation and Preconcentration by Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction Procedure: Recent Applications

“…Waters [139] Separation and Preconcentration by DLLME 667 Water and milk samples [171] As, Sb Water and food samples [173] Separation and Preconcentration by DLLME 669 Table 2 continued Analyte Disperser solvent volume Water and biological samples [188] both detection techniques, which thus enables the application of the developed method in two ranges differing from one another by three orders of magnitude. More recently, DLLME was used by De La Calle et al [134] to preconcentrate the ion pair formed between AuCl 4 -and [CH 3 (CH 2 ) 3 ] 4 N ?…”