Determination of bulk density, methods and impacts, with a case study from Los Bronces Mine, Chile

Makhuvha, M.; Arellano, R. M.; Harney, Dirk M. W.

doi:10.1179/1743275814y.0000000058

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Kriged density results increase mineral reserves by 12 Mt, which represents approximately one year of production according to the current mine plan. This outcome directly affects mine design and mine planning decisions, pointing again to the relevance of taking this variable into account as one of the three critical parameters in the MRMR process, along with grades and volume (Makhuvha et al 2014).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Impact of bulk density estimation in mine planning

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The incorporation of bulk density uncertainty for Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserves (MRMR) steps is of great importance for successful mine planning process. In practice, most mining projects use an average density value for each lithological type of the deposit. However, density determinations require special attention as they directly affect the conversion of volumes to tonnages and ore grades to metal contents. The objective of this study is to measure and minimize the risks associated with the MRMR stages, including the density variability in mine planning. Traditional interpolation techniques in geostatistics were used to represent density spatial distribution in a block model, similarly to those used for grade estimation. This approach was developed and applied at a Brazilian iron ore mine.The results indicate MRMR are underestimated if density uncertainty is not considered. Mine design changes were observed, including 5% impact on the Life-of-mine (LOM) and 2% in Net Present Value (NPV).

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An overview of the methods of rock density measurement are described in Lipton (2001); Abzalov (2013); Benter et al (2013) and Hopper et al (2018). The selection of an appropriate method depends on the type of mineral deposit and the associated material characteristics for the various lithologies (Makhuvha et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of bulk density estimation in mine planning

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This may have a noticeable influence on the correct estimation of ore and metal resources in small parts of deposits and, as a consequence, hinder the reconciliation of the planned and actual mining production. Proper determination of bulk density makes this resource parameter important for production planning and scheduling (Makhuvha et al 2014;Scogings 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi - Mineral Resources Management

Wasilewska-Błaszczyk¹,

Mucha²

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

the accuracy of the local assessment of the bulk density of copper-silver deposits in the Legnica-Głogów Copper district and its impact on the valuation of ore resource and mining production introduction Dry bulk density, understood as the mass of sample divided by the total volume including all types of rock voids, is a deposit parameter which is crucial to estimate mineral resources. In Polish literature on the subject, this term is used interchangeably with "volumetric" or "spatial" density, in American english literature as a "tonnage factor" while the european Standard en 1936:2006 (Polish standard Pn-en 1936: 2010 natural stone test methods) uses the term "apparent density". The most commonly used term in the literature is bulk density (e.g.

show abstract

“…The difference may be due to the more porous structure of yellowfin tuna bone compared with that of cuttlebone, which leads to a lower bulk density. Hence, the high aerated bulk density of CBP indicates that it is a quality powder with free-flowing properties and high particle distribution (Makhuvha et al, 2014). Thus, the CBP may be appropriate to apply in food products for convalescence and child feeding on account of its ability to reduce paste thickness (Chandra et al, 2015).…”

Section: Bulk Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical properties of pre‐treated cuttlebone powder and its potential as an alternative calcium source

Huey

Zulkipli

Tajarudin

et al. 2021

J. Food Process. Preserv.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study was aimed to investigate the potential use of pre-treated cuttlebone powder (CBP) as an alternative calcium source by evaluating the physicochemical properties of CBP pre-treated with distilled water (CBP1), 1% acetic acid (CBP2), and 2% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solutions (CBP3). Proximate analysis revealed ash as the major component of all samples. The presence of phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, and glycosides were detected but tannins appeared to be absent in cuttlebones. Mineral analysis indicated that CBP was rich in calcium, which means the material may be considered as a potential calcium source for food products or calcium supplements. The bulk density of CBP2 was significantly lower (p < .05) than those of CBP1 and CBP3, and the water holding capacity (WHC) of CBP1 was significantly higher (p < .05) than those of CBP2 and CBP3. The high bulk density, water and oil holding capacities of CBP demonstrated its potential use as a functional food ingredient. K E Y W O R D Salternative calcium, bioactive compounds, pre-treated cuttlebone powder 2 of 14 | HUEY Et al.51.8% of urban Malaysian postmenopausal women suffer from osteoporosis (Khan et al., 2014). A number of diseases, such as growth disorder in children and osteoporosis in adults, are common health problems related to calcium deficiency and the inability of the body to absorb calcium (Asikin et al., 2019). According to the Ministry of Health and Malaysia (MOH) (2017), the recommended nutrient intake (RNI) of calcium for Malaysian adult males aged 20-59 years and females aged 20-49 years is 1,000 mg/day.The food industry produces large volumes of wastes as a result of the production, preparation, and consumption of food (Aschemann-Witzel et al., 2015). Food waste may result in significant economic losses and pollution problems (Aschemann-Witzel et al., 2015).According to Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) ( 2019), the catches of cuttlefishes have been ranging from 11,000 to 15,000 tons for each year throughout the world. The cuttlebones are usually discarded as processing waste materials by the food industry and household (Fatimah Zaharah & Rabeta, 2018). Hence, the cheap and readily available cuttlebones by-products in the fisheries and aquaculture industries provide the opportunity for the more effective utilization of cuttlebones as a valuable product due to their potentially high source of calcium. Information on the physicochemical properties of cuttlebones is lacking. Diaz et al. (2015) revealed that the methanolic extracts of squid and cuttlefish bone powder exhibit anticancer activity against HepG2 liver cancer cells. Thus, the research of the chemical composition and functional properties of cuttlebones may provide information to consumers about the nutritional values of cuttlebone and maximize the application of cuttlebones as a potential functional food ingredient. | MATERIAL S AND ME THODS | MaterialsCuttlefish (Sepia latimanus) was purchased from a wet market at Gelugor, Penang. The samples were stored in an ice box to preserv...

show abstract

Determination of bulk density, methods and impacts, with a case study from Los Bronces Mine, Chile

Cited by 10 publications

References 4 publications

Impact of bulk density estimation in mine planning

Impact of bulk density estimation in mine planning

Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi - Mineral Resources Management

Physicochemical properties of pre‐treated cuttlebone powder and its potential as an alternative calcium source

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About