Determination of Bromsulphalein in Normal, Turbid, Hemolyzed, or Icteric Serums

Gaebler, O. H.

doi:10.1093/ajcp/15.10.452

Cited by 141 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…Standard BSP curves were prepared for each patient by addition of known amounts of BSP to plasma obtained before BSP infusion. Since blank samples of fetal cord blood could not be obtained, BSP concentration in fetal cord plasma was estimated by the method of Gaebler (11).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in Sulfobromophthalein Sodium-Removal Mechanisms From Blood During Normal Pregnancy*

Combes¹,

Shibata²,

Adams³

et al. 1963

J. Clin. Invest.

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During the past few years, we have been impressed by the observation that our patients with pre-eclampsia and eclampsia usually demonstrate sulfobromophthalein sodium (BSP) retention in blood in the 45-minute BSP test. On the basis of these findings, we undertook a study of hepatic BSP-removal mechanisms during the course of normal pregnancy. Increased BSP retention in 45 minutes was not detected in normal pregnancy when compared to results obtained in a group of nonpregnant women of comparable age. When hepatic BSP-removal mechanisms were appraised quantitatively by a prolonged-infusion method (1, 2), however, significant changes in both hepatic uptake and excretion of BSP were observed. The following study presents in detail such data obtained from women in various stages of normal pregnancy and in the early postpartum period, and compares these findings with data obtained in a separate group of control nonpregnant women. METHODSThe method used in the present studies was devised by Wheeler and his associates (1,2) and is based on the observations that removal of BSP from plasma depends on the simultaneous operation of at least two separate hepatic mechanisms: 1) uptake of BSP into a hepatic * This work was supported by research grants from the U. S. Public Health Service (H-3439, A-6082), and frcm Parke, Davis & Co. Part of this work has appeared in abstract form (Clin. Res. 1962, 10, 189; 1963, 11, 58) and was presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, Chicago, Ill., November, 1962, and "storage compartment," and 2) active secretion into bile (1-8). The quantity of BSP taken up into the "storage compartment" appears to be directly proportional to plasma concentration (1). Thus, uptake into storage during a period of changing plasma concentration can be represented in symbols as S X AP/At, where the "relative storage capacity" S, a proportional factor, is defined as the number of milligrams of BSP stored in the liver per milligram per 100 ml of plasma concentration, and AP/At signifies the rate of change of plasma concentration in milligrams per 100 ml per minute. Secretion of BSP into bile is a rate-limited process characterized by a maximal excretory rate or Tm (1, 2, 8), defined in terms of milligrams per minute. The maximal rate of BSP secretion into bile is achieved when plasma BSP concentration is maintained in excess of 2 to 3 mg per 100 ml during prolonged infusions of BSP (1, 8). At these plasma concentrations, the general equation for the hepatic removal rate of BSP (1), RH, in milligrams per minute, is as follows: RH = S X (AP/At) + Tm.Values for RH and AP/At obtained during two or more different rates of BSP infusion are substituted in the formula, providing a set of simultaneous equations that can be solved for both S and Tm. In practice, values for RH and AP/At were obtained during three separate infusion rates of BSP, each given for an hour. As indicated by Wheeler, when the corresponding values for RH and AP/At are plotted on the ordinate an...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in Sulfobromophthalein Sodium-Removal Mechanisms From Blood During Normal Pregnancy*

Combes¹,

Shibata²,

Adams³

et al. 1963

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…Bromsulphalein concentration was determined in the serum 45 minutes after injection of 5 mg. of this dye per kilogram of body weight (28). Serum bilirubin concentrations were performed by the standard technique (29).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ammonium Uptake by the Extremities and Brain in Hepatic Coma, 12

Webster¹,

Gabuzda²

1958

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…In our studies, also, there was absence of transfer of bromosulphthalein (BSP), a water-soluble dye of 838 mol wt, in either direction. The spectrophotometric assay (17) permits exclusion of all but 2% of BSP transfer from either reservoir. Only 3.12±1.65% of '4C-inulin (mol wt 5,000) crossed the placenta, as reported by others (10,14).…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human placental transport of cimetidine.

Schenker

Dicke²,

Johnson

et al. 1987

J. Clin. Invest.

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This study addresses the mechanism of transport of the H2-receptor antagonist, cimetidine, by the human placenta. A 4-h recycling perfusion of a single placental cotyledon of normal, term, human placenta was used. At a maternal concentration of 1 ug/ml, cimetidine clearance from the maternal circulation was 0.58±0.16 ml/min per g placenta, a rate about one third that of antipyrine. There was no evidence of cimetidine metabolism by the placenta. Transfer of cimetidine from maternal to fetal compartments showed no saturation kinetics and was not inhibited by putative carrier competitors. Cimetidine did not accumulate against a drug concentration gradient. Fetal clearance of cimetidine was similar to maternal clearance. Studies with placental apical vesicles confirmed lack of saturability of cimetidine transport and of its concentration within vesicles. Thus, (a) cimetidine is transported across the human placenta bidirectionally at a rate about one third that of antipyrine, (b) the drug is not metabolized by the placenta, and (c) the transport is a passive one.

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Determination of Bromsulphalein in Normal, Turbid, Hemolyzed, or Icteric Serums

Cited by 141 publications

References 0 publications

Alterations in Sulfobromophthalein Sodium-Removal Mechanisms From Blood During Normal Pregnancy*

Alterations in Sulfobromophthalein Sodium-Removal Mechanisms From Blood During Normal Pregnancy*

Ammonium Uptake by the Extremities and Brain in Hepatic Coma, 12

Human placental transport of cimetidine.

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