Determination of bromacil in groundwater and in high organic matter soils

James, T.K.; Lauren, D. R.

doi:10.1021/jf00051a024

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…Several methods have been developed to study leaching of herbicides including soil thin-layer chromatography, solid phase extraction technology, lysimetry, residue monitoring, computer modeling, and packed soil columns (Banks and Markle 1979; James and Lauren 1995;Weber et al 1986;Wu and Santelman 1975). In spite of rapid developments in analytical methods (Kruger et al 1996), bioassays remain an important tool for qualitative and quantitative determination of herbicide leaching (Nelson and Penner 2007;Singh and Tan 1996).…”

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confidence: 99%

Leaching of Indaziflam Compared with Residual Herbicides Commonly Used in Florida Citrus

Jhala

Singh

2012

Weed technol.

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Soil-applied herbicides are commonly used for broad-spectrum residual weed control in Florida citrus. Groundwater contamination from some soil-applied herbicides has been reported in citrus growing areas in Florida. Indaziflam is a new soil-applied herbicide recently registered for broad-spectrum weed control in Florida citrus. There is no information available on leaching behavior of indaziflam in sandy soil. Experiments were conducted to compare leaching of indaziflam with five commercially used residual herbicides in a Florida Candler soil under simulated rainfall of 5 or 15 cm ha−1. Herbicide movement down soil columns was measured by visually evaluating injury and harvesting aboveground biomass of the bioassay species annual ryegrass. Ryegrass was not injured and plant biomass was not affected beyond 30 cm when indaziflam at a recommended rate of 73 g ai ha−1was leached through the soil column. Leaching of indaziflam increased with increasing amounts of rainfall. For example, indaziflam leached up to 12.2 ± 0.8 cm (values are expressed ± SD) and 27.2 ± 2.6 cm at 5 and 15 cm ha−1rainfall, respectively. The herbicide ranking from high to low mobility at 15 cm ha−1of rainfall was bromacil = norflurazon > indaziflam > simazine = pendimethalin > diuron. Overall results suggested that indaziflam leaching was limited in Florida Candler soil in this study; however, field experiments are required to confirm the leaching of indaziflam under natural rainfall situation.

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Leaching of Indaziflam Compared with Residual Herbicides Commonly Used in Florida Citrus

Jhala

Singh

2012

Weed technol.

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“…This was aspirated under vacuum through Extract-Clean solid phase extraction columns Procedure for bromacil extraction from media. The bromacil extraction method was modified from James and Lauren 35 . After the flasks containing bromacil were defrosted, deionised water was added to bring the weight of water in the flask (including soil water) to 30 g and 70 ml of 1.5% w/v aqueous sodium hydroxide was added.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of atrazine and bromacil in two forestry waste products

James

Ghanizadeh

Harrington

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The persistence and degradation of two common herbicides, atrazine and bromacil in two organic media, wood pulp and sawdust were compared with two soils. The hypothesis tested was that herbicide degradation will be faster in high organic matter media compared to soil. Degradation of two herbicides was carried out in four different temperature regimes and in sterilised media. The degradation half-life (t½) was determined under above-mentioned conditions then compared to degradation in soil. The degradation as quantified by t½ of the herbicides was generally longer in both organic media. Although microbial degradation was an important factor in the mineralisation of these herbicides, overall, the pH of the media had a more profound effect on the desorption and subsequent degradation rate than the organic carbon content. The results of this study revealed that the hypothesis was only partially correct as organic matter content per se did not strongly relate to degradation rates which were mainly governed by pH and microbial activity.

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“…Relatively Bromacil behaves differently on different types of soils with different constituents. Thus Bromacil is more strongly adsorbed to by organic matter colloids rather than clay particles; as a result it is more persistent and less mobile in soils with high organic matter content (5% or more) (James & Lauren, 1995). Soils with moderate to high organic matter content may retain bromacil residues for 1 to 2 years, thus, a soil half-life of 3 to 7 months is more likely in soils with low organic matter content (less than 5%) (EXTOXNET, 1993).…”

Section: Persistence and Degradation Of Bromacil In The Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts, Efficacy and Economics of Bushwacker SC (Bromacil) in Controlling Acacia Invasion in South Africa

Dube¹,

Oluwole²,

Mota³

et al. 2011

Herbicides and Environment

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Determination of bromacil in groundwater and in high organic matter soils

Cited by 13 publications

References 24 publications

Leaching of Indaziflam Compared with Residual Herbicides Commonly Used in Florida Citrus

Leaching of Indaziflam Compared with Residual Herbicides Commonly Used in Florida Citrus

Degradation of atrazine and bromacil in two forestry waste products

Impacts, Efficacy and Economics of Bushwacker SC (Bromacil) in Controlling Acacia Invasion in South Africa

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