Determination of Bolton Norms for Indian Population Sample

Kumar, TV Pawan; Chitra, Prasad

doi:10.3126/ojn.v7i1.18899

Cited by 5 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…78.24% (95% CI: 77.85-78.63). Globally, in both synthesis heterogeneity was high (I 2 =92.59% and I 2 =90.99%…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Bolton's Ratios: Normal Occlusion and Malocclusion

Machado¹,

Botelho²,

Mascarenhas³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Introduction: The purposes of this study were to seek for overall ratio (OR) and anterior ratio (AR) patients data in normal occlusion and Angle’s malocclusion studies, and to assess if such results support Bolton’s standards as general references. Methods: Pubmed, Medline, CENTRAL and Scholar databases were searched up to February 2018 (CRD42018088438). Gray literature was explored through OpenGray. Non-randomized clinical studies, published in English and assessing Bolton’s OR and AR in normal occlusion and Angle’s malocclusion groups (Class I, Class II, Class II division 1, Class 2 division 2, Class III) patients were included. OR and AR means and standard deviations (SD) were collected. Potential covariates (study design, publication year, country where the study was conducted, number of cases, gender, mesiodistal measurement method, and calibration method) were also extracted. The National Health Heart Lung, and Blood Institute’s Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies was used to assess each included studies quality. Pairwise Random-Effects and Multilevel Bayesian Network Meta-Analyses were used to synthesize available data. Results: Fifty-two observational studies were included (8872 participants; male/females 2674/3272; 16 studies lacked gender information). For normal occlusion, global pooled estimates for OR and AR means were 91.74% (95% CI: 91.37-92.10) and 78.24% (95% CI: 77.85-78.63), respectively. We could identify on Angle’s Class III patients meaningful OR and AR mean deviations from normal occlusion (0.89, 95% credible interval [CrI], 0.66-1.12, and 0.66, 95% CrI, 0.38-0.94, respectively), while on Class I patients we found a meaningful mean deviation from normal occlusion only for OR (0.25, 95% CrI, 0.03-0.47). Concerning gender impact, male patients presented higher OR (0.30, 95% CI 0.00-0.59) and AR (0.41, 95% CI 0.00-0.83) mean values than females in Class I. Conclusions: The results show that global pooled OR and AR mean values for normal occlusion patients are slightly above Bolton’s original values. Class I, for OR mean values, and Class III, for both OR and AR, are proportionally larger than normal occlusion patients. Gender had almost no impact on teeth mesiodistal proportion.

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“…78.24% (95% CI: 77.85-78.63). Globally, in both synthesis heterogeneity was high (I 2 =92.59% and I 2 =90.99%…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Bolton's Ratios: Normal Occlusion and Malocclusion

Machado¹,

Botelho²,

Mascarenhas³

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This study evaluated the effects of ethnic variations on dentoskeletal and tooth-size characteristics of Syrians and Hungarians adolescents with Class II/1 malocclusion. As most dentoskeletal variations can be ascribed to sex, age (maturity stage), and ethnicity [9], and most tooth-size variations can be ascribed to sex and ethnicity [4,5], this study compared sex-and skeletal age-matched individuals to yield clear conclusions on the impact of ethnicity on dentoskeletal and tooth-size characteristics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is because the large anterior tooth-size ratios of Syrian girls reflect a relative toothsize excess in the lower anterior region. The significant difference in anterior tooth-size ratio between Syrian and Hungarian girls can be attributed to ethnic variations [4,5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although several studies have reported ethnic differences in dentoskeletal structure and tooth-size characteristics [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8], limited studies have investigated these differences in Class II division 1 (Class II/1) malocclusion [9][10][11]. With prevalences of 16% and 23.5% in Syrian and Hungarian adolescents, respectively [12,13], this is one of the most frequently seen malocclusions in orthodontic practice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, conflicting results, possibly due to ethnic variations, have prevented their general characterization [9][10][11]. Likewise, tooth-size ratios show ethnic differences [4,5]. In view of recent migration trends, especially from the Middle-East toward Europe, these findings underscore the need for updated comparisons of dentoskeletal and tooth-size characteristics across ethnicities [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dentoskeletal and tooth-size differences between Syrian and Hungarian adolescents with Class II division 1 malocclusion: a retrospective study

2020

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Objectives: Malocclusion features differ across various populations and ethnicities. At this time, no data are available regarding the dentofacial differences between Syrian and European adolescents with Class II division 1 malocclusion, which is one of the most frequently treated pathologies in orthodontic practice. The present combined cephalometric and tooth-size study aimed to compare the dentoskeletal and tooth-size characteristics of Syrian and Hungarian adolescents with Class II division 1 malocclusion. Results: Class II division 1 malocclusion in Hungarian adolescents was a sagittal discrepancy, while in Syrian adolescents, it was a result of excessive vertical development. Syrian adolescents had a significantly excessive vertical development when compared with Hungarian adolescents, regardless of sex (p < 0.01). Hungarian boys had significantly more protruded maxillae (p < 0.001) and less retruded mandibles (p < 0.01) when compared with Syrian boys, while Hungarian girls had significantly shorter mandibles relative to those of Syrian girls (p < 0.01). Syrian girls had significantly more protrusive lower incisors (p < 0.001), accompanied by significantly larger anterior tooth-size ratios when compared to Hungarian girls (p < 0.001). In conclusion, these findings underscore the importance of considering ethnic differences during orthodontic diagnosis and may have implications for optimizing orthodontic treatments in Syrian and Hungarian adolescents with Class II division 1 malocclusion.

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A systematic review and meta-analysis on Bolton’s ratios: Normal occlusion and malocclusion

Machado¹,

Botelho²,

Mascarenhas³

et al. 2019

J Orthod

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Introduction: The purpose of this study was to seek and summarise the Bolton overall index (OI) and anterior index (AI) regarding normal occlusion and Angle’s malocclusion according to gender, and to assess if these indices support Bolton’s standards as general references. Methods: PubMed, LILACS, Embase, CENTRAL and Google Scholar databases were searched up to June 2019 (CRD42018088438). Non-randomised clinical studies, published in English and assessing Bolton’s OI and/or AI in normal occlusion and Angle’s malocclusion groups, were included. OI and AI means, sample size and SDs were collected. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies was used to assess the risk of bias. Pairwise random-effects and multilevel Bayesian network meta-analyses were used to synthesise available data. Results: Fifty-three observational studies were included (11,411 participants; 3746 men, 4430 women; 15 studies lacked gender information). For normal occlusion, pooled estimates for OI and AI means were 91.78% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 91.42–92.14; I2 = 92.87%) and 78.25% (95% CI = 77.87–78.62; I2 = 90.67%), respectively. We could identify in Angle’s Class III patients meaningful OI and AI mean deviations from normal occlusion (0.76, 95% credible interval [CrI] = 0.55–0.98 and 0.61, 95% CrI = 0.35–0.87, respectively), while in Class II patients we found a meaningful mean deviation from normal occlusion only for OI (−0.28, 95% CrI = −0.52–−0.05). Concerning gender impact, male patients presented higher OI (0.30, 95% CI = 0.00–0.59) and AI (0.41, 95% CI = 0.00–0.83) mean values than female patients in Class I. Conclusion: Normal occlusion OI and AI mean values differ from Bolton’s original values. Class II division 2, for OI mean values, and Class III, for both OI and AI, are proportionally larger than normal occlusion patients. Gender had almost no impact on teeth mesiodistal proportion.

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Determination of Bolton Norms for Indian Population Sample

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Bolton's Ratios: Normal Occlusion and Malocclusion

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Bolton's Ratios: Normal Occlusion and Malocclusion

Dentoskeletal and tooth-size differences between Syrian and Hungarian adolescents with Class II division 1 malocclusion: a retrospective study

A systematic review and meta-analysis on Bolton’s ratios: Normal occlusion and malocclusion

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