Determination of bisphenol A (BPA) in water by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Olmo, M. del; González‐Casado, Antonio; Navas, Natalia; Vı́lchez, J.L.

doi:10.1016/s0003-2670(97)00182-7

Cited by 110 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In 1997, Olmo et al 16 presented a method with limit of detection for bisphenol-A of 0.6 µg L -1 . Furthermore, they used a liquid-liquid extraction with dichloromethane in acid medium of 1000 mL of water.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polycarbonate, in turn, is used in plastic products with new applications continuously being developed such as lacquer-coated cans, tooth filling, etc 16 . This compound is also used in dental sealants and composites 1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analysis of nonylphenol isomers and bisphenol A can be accomplished by liquid-liquid extraction or solid phase extraction followed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) 11,12,15,16,19 or/and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) 4,18 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence of nonylphenol and bisphenol-A in surface waters from Portugal

Azevedo

Lacorte

Viana

et al. 2001

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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A presença de bisfenol A e de isômeros do 4-nonilfenol, compostos que promovem desequilíbrio do sistema endócrino, foi determinada em amostras de águas superficiais de Portugal. O método analítico envolveu a preconcentração de 200 mL de água, utilizando extração por fase sólida com cartuchos OASIS, seguida de análise por cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrometria de massas.As recuperações e os limites de detecção do bisfenol A e dos isômeros do 4-nonilfenol foram 119 % e 73 %, respectivamente e 0,002 µg L -1 e 0,01 µg L -1 . O método foi aplicado na determinação destes poluentes em águas de rios e costeiras por um período de três meses (agosto-outubro/1999). O total de amostras analisadas foi 135. As concentrações de bisfenol A e dos isômeros do 4-nonilfenol variaram de 0,2 a 4,0 µg L -1 e 0,2 a 30 µg L -1 , respectivamente. Somente em duas amostras de água de rios, a concentração dos isômeros de 4-nonilfenol ultrapassou 10 µg L -1 e do bisfenol A 2 µg L -1 . Concentrações superiores a estes valores podem causar efeitos estrogênicos em peixes.The occurrence of the endocrine disruptor compounds, such as 4-nonylphenol isomers and bisphenol A was determined in surface water samples from Portugal. The analytical method used involved the preconcentration of 200 mL of water sample by solid phase extraction (SPE) using a OASIS (Waters) cartridge, followed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) determination. Recoveries and limits of detection of 4-nonylphenol isomers and bisphenol-A were 73 % and 119 %, respectively, 0.01 µg L -1 and 0.002 µg L -1 . The method was applied to the determination of these estrogenic pollutants in river and coastal waters during three months (AugustOctober/1999). The total samples analyzed were 135. Concentrations of 4-nonylphenol isomers and bisphenol-A ranged from 0.03-30 µg L -1 and 0.07-4.0 µg L -1 , respectively. Only in two river samples, concentrations of 4-nonylphenol isomers were above 10 µg L -1 and bisphenol-A were above 2 µg L -1 . These values can cause estrogenic effects in fish and these sampling points require further investigation in order to verify the maintenance of these levels.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence of nonylphenol and bisphenol-A in surface waters from Portugal

Azevedo

Lacorte

Viana

et al. 2001

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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“…Gas chromatography and mass--spectrometry was used as the main analytical method, since BPA is volatile and thermal stable to be detected by gas chromatography and traced at low levels provided by mass--spectrometry [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BPA qualtitative and quantitative assessment associated with orthodontic bonding in vivo

et al. 2015

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OBJECTIVE: To assess the in vivo amount of BPA released from a visible light-cured orthodontic adhesive, immediately after bracket bonding. METHODS: 20 orthodontic patients were recruited after obtaining informed consent. All patients received 24 orthodontic brackets in both dental arches. In Group A (11 patients), 25 ml of tap water were used for mouth rinsing, whereas in Group B (9 patients) a simulated mouth rinse formulation was used: a mixture of 20 ml de-ionized water plus 5 ml absolute ethanol. Rinsing solutions were collected before, immediately after placing the orthodontic appliances and after washing out the oral cavity and were then stored in glass tubes. Rinsing was performed in a single phase for 60s with the entire volume of each liquid. The BPA analysis was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS: An increase in BPA concentration immediately after the 1st post-bonding rinse was observed, for both rinsing media, which was reduced after the 2nd postbonding rinse. Water exhibited higher levels of BPA concentration than water/ethanol after 1st and 2nd post-bonding rinses. Two-way mixed Repeated Measures ANOVA showed that the primary null hypothesis declaring mean BPA concentration to be equal across rinsing medium and rinsing status was rejected (p-value <0.001). The main effects of the rinsing medium and status, as well as their interaction were found to be statistically significant (p-values 0.048, <0.001 and 0.011 respectively). SIGNIFICANCE: A significant pattern of increase of BPA concentration, followed by a decrease that reached the initial values was observed. The amount of BPA was relatively low and far below the reference limits of tolerable daily intake. Methods: 20 volunteers were recruited after obtaining informed consent. All patients received 24 orthodontic brackets in both dental arches. In Group A (11 patients), 25 ml of tap water were used for mouth rinsing, whereas in Group B (9 patients) a simulated mouth rinse formulation was used: a mixture of 20 ml de--ionized water plus 5 ml absolute ethanol. Rinsing solutions were collected before, immediately after placing the orthodontic appliances and after washing out the oral cavity and were then stored in glass tubes. Rinsing was performed in a single phase for 60 seconds with the entire volume of each liquid. The BPA analysis was performed by gas chromatography--mass spectrometry.Results: An increase in BPA concentration immediately after the 1 st post--bonding rinse was observed, for both rinsing media, which was reduced after the 2 nd post--bonding rinse. Water exhibited higher levels of BPA concentration than water/ethanol after 1st and 2nd post--bonding rinses. Two--way mixed Repeated Measures ANOVA showed that the primary null hypothesis declaring mean BPA concentration to be equal across rinsing medium and rinsing status was rejected (p--value < 0.001). The main effects of the rinsing medium and status, as well as their interaction were found to be statistically significant (p--values 0.048, <0.001 an...

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“…8,[11][12][13][14][15][16][19][20][21][22][23] While this method is sensitive and specific, tedious preliminary treatments of the samples, including sample cleanup, concentration, and derivatization, which are time-consuming and can be sources of experimental error, are required prior to analysis by GC/MS. More recently, with the developments in liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS), applications to BPA or NP in the environment have been explored in many laboratories.…”

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confidence: 99%

Direct determination of bisphenol A and nonylphenol in river water by column-switching semi-microcolumn liquid chromatography/electrospray mass spectrometry

Motoyama

Suzuki

Shirota

et al. 1999

Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.

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A rapid and sensitive analytical method based on column-switching semi-microcolumn high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with electrospray mass spectrometry was developed for determining trace levels of bisphenol A (2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane) and nonylphenol (4-nonylphenol) in river water. An aliquot of sample solution was directly injected into the precolumn packed with Capcellpak MF-Ph for sample cleanup and enrichment. The compounds of interest were then transferred to a C-18 analytical column for main separation through a change in flow path by a programmed switching valve. Bisphenol A, nonylphenol, and interfering substances were satisfactorily separated with a simple gradient elution complete within 35 min. Detection of their deprotonated molecules was conducted in negative ion mode. A reduced flow rate (100 &mgr;L/min) optimized for the narrow bore column was found advantageous in obtaining a high degree of sensitivity during electrospray detection. The influence of carrier additives on sensitivity was also examined. This method produced detection limits of 0.5 ng/mL for bisphenol A and 10 ng/mL for nonylphenol (signal-to-noise ratio 3). Calibration curves were observed in the range of 2.5-50 ng/mL (r(2) = 0.999) for bisphenol A and 50-500 ng/mL (r(2) = 0.998) for nonylphenol. Recoveries of the compounds from spiked distilled water and river water were 99.7-138.5% with a relative standard deviation (RSD) ranging from 2.2-9.7%. Copyright 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Determination of bisphenol A (BPA) in water by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Cited by 110 publications

References 16 publications

Occurrence of nonylphenol and bisphenol-A in surface waters from Portugal

Occurrence of nonylphenol and bisphenol-A in surface waters from Portugal

BPA qualtitative and quantitative assessment associated with orthodontic bonding in vivo

Direct determination of bisphenol A and nonylphenol in river water by column-switching semi-microcolumn liquid chromatography/electrospray mass spectrometry

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