Determination of Binder Decomposition Kinetics for Specifying Heating Parameters in Binder Burnout Cycles

Shende, Rajesh V.; Lombardo, Stephen J.

doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.2002.tb00172.x

Cited by 35 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…26 In light of this, the minimum time t to remove binder from an initial binder loading to any binder loading is then obtained by variational calculus as 8,9,16 t~G…”

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of rapid heating cycles for binder removal from open pore green ceramic components

Yun

Lombardo

2009

Advances in Applied Ceramics

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Rapid heating cycles have been determined for the thermal removal of binder from open pore green ceramic components. The samples are multilayer green bodies with barium titanate as the dielectric, and the binder consists of poly(vinyl butyral) and dioctyl phthalate. The kinetics of binder decomposition, the gas permeability of the green body and the conditions at failure of the green body were determined from a combination of experiments and modelling. These results were then used with an algorithm based on variational calculus to develop successful rapid heating cycles without causing failure of the component. List of symbolsA preexponential factor E activation energy f as subscript, denoted quantity at the failure temperature G constant in equation (8) k Kozeny-Carman parameter L i , i5x, y, z dimensions of the body M average molecular weight of gas products N m molar flux P pressure P o ambient pressure P t threshold pressure in the centre of the body P to parameter in equation (13) R gas constant r rate of binder decomposition S surface area per unit volume t time t* minimum cycle time for binder removal T temperature T o ambient temperature T s starting temperature of binder removal cycle W, H stretched dimensionsless lengths a binder conversion b heating rate c parameter in equation (13) C sample thickness e porosity e b volume fraction of binder e bo initial volume fraction of binder e s volume fraction of ceramic k i permeability in i5x, y, z directions of the body m gas viscosity r b binder density r o initial gas density at T o and P o

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“…26 In light of this, the minimum time t to remove binder from an initial binder loading to any binder loading is then obtained by variational calculus as 8,9,16 t~G…”

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of rapid heating cycles for binder removal from open pore green ceramic components

Yun

Lombardo

2009

Advances in Applied Ceramics

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“…For sample dimensions >1 mm, transport is usually rate limiting, whereas for thinner samples, such as SOFC electrolyte membranes, polymer decomposition kinetics may take over [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For heterogeneous solid-involving reactions, two different methods have been widely used to determine the kinetic parameters from thermoanalytical measurements: (1) model fitting methods and (2) model free methods (or isoconversional method). An overview of the literature dealing with the kinetics of debinding shows that most of the authors used a model fitting methods [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic analysis of the polymer burnout in ceramic thermoplastic processing of the YSZ thin electrolyte structures using model free method

Salehi¹,

Clemens²,

Graule³

et al. 2012

Applied Energy

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Polymeric binder burnout during thermoplastic processing of yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) ceramics were analyzed using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The debinding kinetics of the stearic acid/polystyrene binder have been described using model free methods and compared with the decomposition rate of the pure polymers. The apparent activation energy E a as a function of debinding progress a was calculated in two atmospheres (argon and air) by three different methods: Ozawa-Flynn-Wall (OFW), Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) and Friedman. The evolution of E a with a is compatible with the evaporation of stearic acid and the unzipping and thermo-oxidative decomposition mechanisms proposed for polystyrene. The apparent activation energies obtained for the experiments under argon revealed the increased concentration of weak links in polystyrene introduced during kneading of the feedstock. Extrapolation of the kinetic parameters obtained in one run to calculate decomposition rates under different heating rates confirmed the excellent predictive power of the direct methods.

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“…Lombardo and co-workers employed TGA in combination with FTIR absorption spectroscopy to study poly(vinylbutyral) burnout kinetics from barium titanate multilayer ceramic capacitors with platinum metal electrodes. [14,15] Binder decomposition was studied as a function of gas-phase emissions including carbon dioxide (2350 cm Ϫ1 ) as well as species containing carbonyl CϭO (1680 to 1750 cm Ϫ1 ), CH (2700 to 3000 cm Ϫ1 ), and hydroxyl OH (3550 to 3650 cm Ϫ1 ) functional groups. However, detailed product analysis was not carried out and the concentration of the identified compounds was not estimated in the exhaust stream.…”

Section: A Lubricant Pyrolysis Emission Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

Lubricant pyrolysis during sintering of powder metallurgy compacts

Baum

Becker

Lappas

et al. 2004

Metall Mater Trans B

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The chemistry surrounding the pyrolysis of N,NЈ-ethylenebisstearimide (EBS) compacted with iron powder is described for the first time. Heat treatment is carried out in a 5 vol pct hydrogen atmosphere (balance nitrogen) over the 100°C to 850°C range. The exhaust from the furnace is monitored by Fourier transform infrared and dispersive ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy; condensable materials are analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). A wide range of analytes emitted from the preceding process were characterized. The aliphatic CH stretch in the 3000 to 2700 cm Ϫ1 range and the asymmetric CO stretch in gaseous CO 2 at 2350 cm Ϫ1 are excellent indicators of the extent of delubrication. A bimodal CO emission phase is observed in the temperature window between delubrication and sintering. Three major large molecule reaction products, along with five minor compounds, are identified by GC/MS. A preliminary reaction mechanism is inferred based on product analysis and known organic chemistry. It appears that hydrolysis of EBS competes with ␥-H abstraction yielding an N-vinyl amide and stearamide, which undergoes further reaction. Hydrolysis affords stearic acid, which decarboxylates to heptadecane, and 2-heptadecyl-4,5-dihydroimidazole via ring closure of the corresponding amino-amide.

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Determination of Binder Decomposition Kinetics for Specifying Heating Parameters in Binder Burnout Cycles

Cited by 35 publications

References 23 publications

Determination of rapid heating cycles for binder removal from open pore green ceramic components

Determination of rapid heating cycles for binder removal from open pore green ceramic components

Kinetic analysis of the polymer burnout in ceramic thermoplastic processing of the YSZ thin electrolyte structures using model free method

Lubricant pyrolysis during sintering of powder metallurgy compacts

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