Determination of benzoyl peroxide and azodicarbonamide in flour

Smartphone-Integrated Photoacoustic Analytical Device for Point-of-Care Testing of Food Contaminant Azodicarbonamide

“…At present, various analytical methods have been developed for the detection of ADA in flour, including indirect and direct methods. Indirect methods contain enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC–MS), and fluorescent assay, which can monitor semicarbazide hydrochloride produced from ADA. − Direct methods contain high-performance LC (HPLC), infrared spectrometry, capillary electrophoresis, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), and colorimetric assay. − Although the above analytical techniques exhibit satisfactory accuracy and sensitivity for sensing ADA, the shortcomings of expensive and sophisticated instruments, complex operation steps, and high test costs severely limit their wide applications, especially in the case of on-site monitoring with limited resources. Therefore, it is essential to develop a facile sensor for point-of-care testing (POCT) of ADA in flour, which provides a solid foundation for the effectiveness of these legal provisions and the safety of flour-related products for consumption.…”