Determination of axial vertebral rotation in MR images: comparison of four manual and a computerized method

Vrtovec, Tomaž; Pernuš, Franjo; Likar, Boštjan

doi:10.1007/s00586-010-1340-y

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The Perdiolle's ''torsiometer'' is still the most accurate method of measurement of axial vertebral rotation on 2D A-P radiographs [4]. Then, MRI and CT have improved accuracy of vertebral rotations measurements but their clinical relevance is limited by the supine position of the patient and radiation exposition for CT [5]. In the past decade, the development of stereoradiography and semi-automated 3D reconstructions of the spine, has provided measurements of transverse plane parameters in standing position which have generated novel 3D classifications of AIS [4,[6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transverse plane 3D analysis of mild scoliosis

et al. 2013

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Purpose To demonstrate the reality of a transverse plane pattern independent of the scoliotic curve location and to show the importance of the transverse plane pattern in the assessment of the progression risk in a population of mild scoliosis. Methods Spines of 111 patients with adolescent idiopathic mild scoliosis were reconstructed using biplanar stereoradiography. The apical axial rotation, the intervertebral axial rotation at junctions and the torsion index were computed. Mean values of each parameter were compared between thoracic, thoracolumbar and lumbar curves. Then a cluster analysis was performed using these parameters on 78 patients with effective outcomes at skeletal maturity. The effective outcomes and the results reached with the statistical analysis were compared and analyzed (ROC and logistic regression). Results No statistical difference was observed when considering each parameter between the different types of curves. Two clusters independent of the curve type were identified. The mean values of transverse plane parameters were significantly higher in Cluster 1 than in Cluster 2. 91 % of patients classified in Cluster 1 had progressive curve and 73 % of patients classified in Cluster 2 remained stable at skeletal maturity. All parameters were good predictors but the best was the torsion index.Conclusions This study demonstrated that a transverse plane pattern combining apical axial rotation, the intervertebral axial rotation at junctions and the torsion index is independent of the scoliotic curve location and significant in the determination of the progression risk of mild scoliosis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transverse plane 3D analysis of mild scoliosis

et al. 2013

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“…This result can be compared with results reported in (Vrtovec et al 2010) and results obtained by employing the method in (Forsberg et al 2013), i.e. the pre-processing step of our proposed method, corresponding to 1.0…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Hence, the difference in AVR measurements of the proposed method, when comparing computerized and manual measurements, is roughly on par with earlier reported results. However, the comparison with the results in (Vrtovec et al 2010) is questionable, since the evaluation was based on MRI data using only two patients, one scoliotic (mild scoliosis corresponding to a Cobb angle of 14 • ), and not including all lumbar and thoracic vertebrae. Furthermore, the obtained difference can be compared with the inter-observer difference, which was 1.9…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, all four methods require more or less manual interaction, ranging from selecting which axial image to measure on to providing initial centrepoints for each vertebra, and are therefore still likely to cause an intra-and inter-observer variability. For instance, it was shown in (Vrtovec et al 2010) that the method of Vrtovec (2008) only yielded a sligthly better inter-observer variability than the manual method by Aaro and Dahlborn (1981). In (Forsberg et al 2013) we attempted to overcome this by presenting a fully automatic method for measuring AVR, albeit limited to CT data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Model-based registration for assessment of spinal deformities in idiopathic scoliosis

et al. 2013

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Abstract. Detailed analysis of spinal deformity is important within orthopaedic healthcare, in particular for assessment of idiopathic scoliosis. This paper addresses this challenge by proposing an image analysis method, capable of providing a full 3D spine characterization. The proposed method is based on the registration of a highly detailed spine model to image data from computed tomography. The registration process provides an accurate segmentation of each individual vertebra and the ability to derive various measures describing the spinal deformity. The derived measures are estimated from landmarks attached to the spine model and transferred to the patient data according to the registration result. Evaluation of the method provides an average point-to-surface error of 0.9mm ± 0.9 (comparing segmentations), and an average target registration error of 2.3mm ± 1.7 (comparing landmarks). Comparing automatic and manual measurements of axial vertebral rotation provides a mean absolute difference of 2.5 • ± 1.8, which is on par with other computerized methods for assessing axial vertebral rotation. A significant advantage of our method, compared to other computerized methods for rotational measurements, is that it does not rely on vertebral symmetry for computing the rotational measures. The proposed method is fully automatic and computationally efficient, only requiring three to four minutes to process an entire image volume covering vertebrae L5 to T1. Given the use of landmarks, the method can be readily adapted to estimate other measures describing a spinal deformity by changing the set of employed landmarks. In addition, the method has the potential to be utilized for accurate segmentations of the vertebrae in routine computed tomography examinations, given the relatively low point-to-surface error.

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“…One obvious side-effect of such instrumental assessment methods is that young AIS patients might need a great number of radiographs during their growth period [10], with a consequent exposure to relatively high doses of ionizing radiation, potentially harmful to their health [11,12]. Alternatively, computerized methods based on MR images can be used to provide repeatable and reliable VR measurements [13]. Clinical evaluation in AIS patients assesses deformities in bending, by means of the Adams test, otherwise known as the ''bend test'' [14], as well as posture and asymmetries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertebral rotation in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis calculated by radiograph and back surface analysis-based methods: correlation between the Raimondi method and rasterstereography

et al. 2012

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Purpose The aim of the present research is to evaluate the relationship between an X-ray-based method (i.e. the Raimondi method) and rasterstereography in the evaluation of vertebral rotation (VR) in a sample of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients. Methods A total of 25 patients (9 males; mean age 14 ± 3 years; mean height 160.7 ± 11.9 cm; mean weight 52.4 ± 10.7 kg) were considered for the present analysis. The mean Cobb angle was 30°± 9°. The evaluation of VR on radiographs was made using the Raimondi method regolo (Marrapese Editore-Demi S.r.1., Rome). Rasterstereography was performed by means of Formetric 4D Ò (Diers International GmbH, Schlangenbad, Germany). Correlations between rasterstereographic and radiographic measurement of VR were calculated, both for the whole sample and for thoracic and lumbar spinal segments considered separately, as well as for subgroups of patients with a Cobb angle \30°and C30°using Spearman's correlation coefficient by rank (r s ). Results When applied to the entire spine, measurement of VR by means of the two methods highlighted a significant correlation in the whole group (r = 0.52; p \ 0.0001), as well as in the \30°Cobb (r = 0.47; p = 0.0001) and C30°Cobb (r = 0.42; p \ 0.0001) subgroups. A significant correlation was found also when lumbar and thoracic VR were considered as separated groups (r = 0.30, p = 0.024 and r = 0.47, p = 0.002, respectively).Conclusions Rasterstereographic evaluation of VR shows a good correlation with the Raimondi method, thereby confirming the possibility to use this non-invasive method for deformity assessment in AIS patients.

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Determination of axial vertebral rotation in MR images: comparison of four manual and a computerized method

Cited by 11 publications

References 22 publications

Transverse plane 3D analysis of mild scoliosis

Transverse plane 3D analysis of mild scoliosis

Model-based registration for assessment of spinal deformities in idiopathic scoliosis

Vertebral rotation in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis calculated by radiograph and back surface analysis-based methods: correlation between the Raimondi method and rasterstereography

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