Determination of antimony(III, V) in natural waters by separation and preconcentration on a thionalide loaded resin followed by neutron activation analysis

Chwastowska, J.; Zmijewska, W.; Sterlińska, E.

doi:10.1007/bf02036283

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…72 Adsorption techniques utilise species-speci®c elution from thionalide-loaded acrylic polymer, Polyorgs 31 and activated alumina to determine quantitative data. 77±80 These techniques allow detection limits similar to those obtained from complexation reactions (down to 2.5 pg mL 21 ) and are used in conjunction with both NAA, 77,78 and GFAAS 79,80 detection systems. Less common in-line species separations utilise selective hydride generation in conjunction with cryogenic trapping together with AAS and gas chromatography photoionisation detection (GC-PID).…”

Section: Detection Systems For Chromatographic Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodologies for determination of antimony in terrestrial environmental samples

Nash

Maskall

Hill

2000

J. Environ. Monitor.

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Methodologies for the environmental analysis of total antimony and aqueous chemical speciation are critically reviewed, including preparation techniques for aqueous and solid matrices and the determination of solid state partitioning and recommendations are given for future research directions. Concentrations of total antimony commonly present in aqueous and solid environmental samples are readily determined using present day analytical techniques. This has resulted primarily from technological advances in microwave digestion for solid matrices and the development of plasma based analyte detection systems. ICP-AES and ICP-MS techniques are both utilised for the environmental analysis of total antimony concentrations. However, ICP-MS is increasingly favoured as a result of reduced spectral interferences and the potential for analyte detection in the pg mL(-1) range. Determination of aqueous antimony speciation presents a number of complex analytical challenges and highly selective separation and identification techniques are required prior to detection. The majority of published techniques including common applications of hydride generation are insufficiently selective for the determination of intrinsic chemical speciation and often only oxidation state data are obtained. The recent in-line applications of HPLC-ICP-MS offer the potential for highly selective separations of aqueous antimony species and determination of detailed chemical speciation data. However, considerable development work is required to optimise chromatographic separations and identify uncharacterised species resident in environmental systems. Analytical techniques to aid the determination of antimony's associations with solid environmental matrices include the application of chemical extraction procedures and leaching experiments. To date, this area of analytical research has received little attention and further studies are required to elucidate this aspect of antimony's environmental chemistry.

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Section: Detection Systems For Chromatographic Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodologies for determination of antimony in terrestrial environmental samples

Nash

Maskall

Hill

2000

J. Environ. Monitor.

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“…However, due to the high ionization energy of Sb, ICP-MS is not ideal for ultra trace Sb determinations, and the reported detection ability has not improved much in recent years. Coupling with hydride generation or pre-concentration methods, however, ICP-MS can provide detection limits as low as 2.5 ng Sb l 21 , 13 and 0.7 ng Sb l 21 in natural water samples. 14 Moreover, ICP-MS has still not proved to be sufficiently robust for the determination of Sb in complex matrices, 15 such as organic-rich samples containing high concentrations of sea salt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of antimony in plant and peat samples by hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS)

Chen

Krachler

Shotyk

2003

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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A robust and sensitive analytical procedure for the determination of Sb in plant and peat samples using hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS) has been developed. The hydride generation of Sb was carried out by using 1% (m/v) of NaBH 4 and 4 mol l 21 HCl. The analytical procedure was critically evaluated by analysing five certified plant reference materials (BCR CRM 281 Rye Grass, CTA-VTL-2 Virginia Tobacco Leaves, GBW 07602 Bush Branches and Leaves, SRM 1547 Peach Leaves and SRM 1515 Apple Leaves) and two in-house peat reference materials. The accuracy and precision (v3%) of the developed procedure was evaluated by the determination of Sb in certified reference materials, two in-house reference materials, and showed good agreement with the reference and information values. Prior to HG-AFS, 200 mg aliquots of dried samples were digested with 3 ml nitric acid, 0.5 ml hydrogen peroxide and 0.1 ml tetrafluoroboric acid (HBF 4 ) using closed-pressurized digestion in a microwave oven. The efficiency of applying HBF 4 for destroying silicates in the samples was also investigated. The digests of the samples were first diluted to 10 ml using high purity water, subsequently mixed with 1 ml of 50 g l 21 L-cysteine for the pre-reduction of Sb(V) in the digests, and finally diluted to 50 ml using 4 mol l 21 hydrochloric acid for measurement. A solution detection limit of 8 ng l 21 was obtained using the optimised experimental conditions which corresponds to a method detection limit of 2 ng g 21 in solid peat: this detection limit is far lower than those previously reported for this element using the identical HG-AFS instrument. The newly developed analytical procedure has been applied to the determination of Sb in ancient peat samples collected from remote Scottish peat bogs. The high sea salt content of these peat samples caused no matrix interferences. Comparison of the results obtained using HG-AFS with instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) data obtained previously shows that the lower limits of detection of INAA are unsuitable for measuring Sb in pre-anthropogenic samples.

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“…This is at least 3 orders of magnitude better than detection limits reported for antimonite obtained by using conventional methods. [38][39][40][41] Arsenite levels as low as 1 × 10 -15 M can also be detected. In addition, we have demonstrated that this system is extremely selective for antimonite over a variety of metals and anions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensing Antimonite and Arsenite at the Subattomole Level with Genetically Engineered Bioluminescent Bacteria

et al. 1997

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A highly sensitive and selective optical sensing system for antimonite has been developed using genetically engineered bacteria. The basis of this system is the ability of certain bacteria to survive in environments that are contaminated with antimonite, arsenite, and arsenate. The survival is conferred to the bacteria by the ars operon, which consists of five genes that code for three structural proteins, ArsA, ArsB, and ArsC, and two regulatory proteins, ArsD and ArsR. ArsA, ArsB, and ArsC form a protein pump system that extrudes antimonite, arsenite, and arsenate once these anions reach the cytoplasm of the bacterium. A method was developed for monitoring antimonite and arsenite by using a single plasmid that incorporates the regulatory gene of the extrusion system, arsR, and the genes of bacterial luciferase, luxA and luxB. In the designed plasmid, ArsR regulates the expression of bacterial luciferase in a manner that is dependent on the concentration of antimonite and arsenite in the sample. Thus, the bioluminescence emitted by luciferase can be related to the concentration of antimonite and arsenite in the sample. Concentrations for antimonite and arsenite in the order of 10(-5) M, which corresponds to subattomole levels, can be detected. This bacterial-based sensing system is highly selective for antimonite and arsenite.

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Determination of antimony(III, V) in natural waters by separation and preconcentration on a thionalide loaded resin followed by neutron activation analysis

Cited by 8 publications

References 15 publications

Methodologies for determination of antimony in terrestrial environmental samples

Methodologies for determination of antimony in terrestrial environmental samples

Determination of antimony in plant and peat samples by hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS)

Sensing Antimonite and Arsenite at the Subattomole Level with Genetically Engineered Bioluminescent Bacteria

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