Determination of antibiotic resistance and resistance plasmids of clinical Enterococcus species

Coleri, Arzu; Çökmüş, Cumhur; Özcan, Birgül; Akçelik, Mustafa; Tükel, Çaǧla

doi:10.2323/jgam.50.213

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As our results showed 2 out of 40 E. faecium strains (5%) were vancomycin resistant which is comparable with 4% VRE strains report from Egypt [36] and 6.2% from Iran [37]. Lower than 10.2% report from South Africa [38], 12% report from Korea [39] and 34.8% report from Turkey [40]. The possible reason for the emergence of VRE in studied hospital (JUSH) may possibly be antibiotic selective pressure because the patients in the studied units (medical and surgical ward) had long duration of hospital stay and high rate of antibiotics treatment relative to the other wards which are the most frequently reported risk factor for multi-resistance Enterococci colonization and infection.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Antimicrobial resistance profile of Enterococcus species isolated from intestinal tracts of hospitalized patients in Jimma, Ethiopia

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundMulti-drug-resistant Enterococci colonizing the intestinal tract of hospitalized patients are the major source of infection as well as nosocomial spread. Despite worldwide increasing rate of multidrug resistant Enterococci colonization and infection among hospitalized patients, there is scarcity of data from resource limited setting. The present study aimed at determining the antimicrobial resistance profile of Enterococcus species from intestinal tracts of hospitalized patients in Jimma, Ethiopia.MethodsThe study was conducted among hospitalized patients at Jimma University Specialized Hospital, from January to July 2013. Fecal samples were collected and processed for bacterial isolation and susceptibility testing to antimicrobial agents. Stool samples were inoculated onto enterococcus selective media (Bile Esculin azide agar plate) with and without 6 µg/ml of vancomycin. The isolates were identified to genus and species level by cultural characteristics, Gram’s stain, catalase test, growth in 6.5% NaCl broth, growth at 45°C, motility test and by using API 20 Streptococcus system. Sensitivity testing was done using Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentrations for vancomycin were determined using E-test strips.ResultOverall, Enterococci were isolated from 114 (76%) of the study subjects. The isolates were Enterococcus faecium (35.1%) followed by Enterococcusfaecalis (29.8%), Enterococcus gallinarum (17.5%), Enterococcuscasseliflavus (8.8%) and Enterococcusdurans (8.8%). Among 114 tested Enterococci isolates, 41 (36%) were resistant to ampicillin, 62 (54.4%) to streptomycin and 39 (34.2%) to gentamycin. Other alternative antibiotics to treat mixed nosocomial infection caused by Enterococci also showed high rate of resistance in vitro: ciprofloxacin (50% of resistance), norfloxacin (49.1%), erythromycin (63.2%), tetracycline (64.9%), chloramphenicol (34.2%), and nitrofrantoin (32.4%). Multiple drug resistance was observed among 89.5% of E. faecium and E. faecalis. Vancomycin resistant Enterococci were observed in 5% of E. faecium isolates.ConclusionThis study reveals high rate of fecal colonization by multidrug-resistant Enterococci and prevalence of vancomycin resistance strains. Thus periodic surveillance of antibacterial susceptibilities is recommended to detect emerging resistance and to prevent the spread of antibacterial-resistant strains.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Antimicrobial resistance profile of Enterococcus species isolated from intestinal tracts of hospitalized patients in Jimma, Ethiopia

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…E. faecalis has been shown to possess multiple antibiotic resistance, including resistance to vancomycin and macrolides (28, 29). Six types of glycopeptide resistance genes have been described in enterococci that can be distinguished on the basis of the sequence of the structural gene for the resistance ligase ( vanA, vanB, vanC, vanD, vanE, and vanG ) (30).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Resistance in Primary and Persistent Endodontic Infections

Jungermann

Burns

Nandakumar

et al. 2011

Journal of Endodontics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction The presence of antibiotic resistance genes in endodontic microorganisms may render the infection resistant to common antibiotics. The aims of this project were to identify selected antibiotics resistance genes in primary and persistent endodontic infections and determine the effectiveness of contemporary endodontic procedures in eliminating bacteria with these genes. Methods In patients undergoing primary endodontic treatment or retreatment, the root canals were aseptically accessed and sampled prior to endodontic procedures as well as following contemporary chemomechanical preparation and medication with calcium hydroxide. Identification of the following antibiotics resistance genes was performed using PCR: blaTEM−1, cfxA, blaZ, tetM, tetW, tetQ, vanA, vanD, and vanE. Limited phenotypic identification and antibiotic susceptibility verification was also performed. Results Overall, there were 45 specimens available for analysis: 30 from primary and 15 from persistent endodontic infections. In preoperative specimens, only blaTEM-1 was significantly more prevalent in primary vs. persistent infections (p=0.04). Following contemporary treatment procedures, there was an overall reduction in prevalence of these genes (p<0.001). blaTEM-1 and tetW were significantly reduced (p<0.05), cfxA, blaZ and tetQ were eliminated, but there was no change in tetM. No specimens contained vanA, vanD, or vanE. Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed significant differences among the antibiotics (p<0.001) and general concordance with the gene findings. Conclusions blaTEM-1 was more prevalent in primary than persistent infections. Vancomycin resistance was not present. The genes identified were reduced with treatment except for tetM. Genetic testing may be useful as a screening tool for antibiotic resistance.

show abstract

“…The enterococci strains isolated from the breast milk and colostrum samples in this study were sensitive to the relevant antibiotics, as was the case among the enterococci of the study by Jimenez et al (2008 Multiple-antibiotic-resistant E. faecalis isolates contained between 2 and 5 plasmids, usually with a molecular size of 21,226-1584 bp or larger. Coleri et al (2004) determined that clinical enterococci isolates carried between 1 and 11 plasmids, ranging in size from 2.08 to 56.15 kb. They also reported plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistance in enterococci.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antibiotic-resistant clinical-or food-originated enterococci are widespread worldwide, and this property is transferred among bacteria by plasmids (Franz et al, 1999;Coleri et al, 2004;Oryaşın et al, 2013). Enterococci have also been described as increasingly resistant to multiple antibiotics such as erythromycin and tetracycline (Mannu et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of potential virulence genes and antibiotic resistance characteristics of Enterococcus faecalis isolates from human milk and colostrum samples

Toğay¹,

Temiz²,

Çelebi³

et al. 2014

Turk J Biol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Enterococci may improve the typical taste and flavor of fermented foods through their proteolytic and lipolytic activities. However, some enterococcal strains are recognized as nosocomial pathogens, which have virulence genes and resistance to certain antibiotics. Enteroccocci are also found in human milk microflora. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential virulence genes and antibiotic resistance characteristics of Enterococcus faecalis isolates from human milk and colostrum samples. In total, 23 Enterococcus faecalis strains were identified from human milk and colostrum samples. Antibiotic-resistant E. faecalis isolates were determined using the disk diffusion method. Vancomycin resistance genes (vanA, vanB) and some virulence genes (agg 2 , gelE, efaAfm, ccf, cpd, cad, cylM, cylB, etc.) were investigated using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). All strains were sensitive to ampicillin, penicillin G, chloramphenicol, and vancomycin. None of the E. faecalis isolates contained vanA, vanB, or efaAfm genes. The results of this study indicated that there were no harmful enterococci strains in human milk and colostrum samples in terms of tested virulence factors and antibiotic resistance. Therefore, the E. faecalis isolates from human milk may have the potential to be considered as a functional culture for the food industry.

show abstract

Determination of antibiotic resistance and resistance plasmids of clinical Enterococcus species

Cited by 19 publications

References 27 publications

Antimicrobial resistance profile of Enterococcus species isolated from intestinal tracts of hospitalized patients in Jimma, Ethiopia

Antimicrobial resistance profile of Enterococcus species isolated from intestinal tracts of hospitalized patients in Jimma, Ethiopia

Antibiotic Resistance in Primary and Persistent Endodontic Infections

Investigation of potential virulence genes and antibiotic resistance characteristics of Enterococcus faecalis isolates from human milk and colostrum samples

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About