“…With its high sensitivity and rapid analysis time, electrochemical determination of the Al(III) level could be ideal for routine monitoring. A range of electrochemical sensors has been reported in the literature, based on enzyme inhibition , and different complexing agents of metal ions , such as (poly)phenols ,− or zeolites. , These sensors, however, suffer from different drawbacks: low sensitivity or precision, use of mercury electrodes, and sensitivity to interfering species, and none of them can be selectively deposited on microarray electrodes. ,,,,− ,− Most of them were designed for (i) Al(III) sensing in acidic conditions ,,,− and/or (ii) in physiological conditions but in the absence of serum proteins. ,, …”