Determination of alkylphenols, alkylphenolethoxylates and linear alkylbenezenesulfonates in sediments by accelerated solvent extraction and supercritical fluid extraction

Extraction Techniques for Isolation, Purification and Preconcentration of Bisphenols and Alkylphenols from Environmental and Food Samples

“…For this purpose the most often used methods are liquid-liquid extraction [20][21][22], Soxhlet extraction [3,23], solid phase extraction [6,22,, membrane extraction [45][46][47], accelerated solvent extraction [7,13,[48][49][50][51][52][53][54], ultrasonic assisted extraction [32,[55][56][57][58], microwave assisted extraction [59][60][61], stir-bar sorptive extraction [4,[62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69], matrix solid phase dispersion [70][71][72][73][74] …”

“…Extraction of anionic surfactants and alkylphenols was achieved applying ASE with pure methanol (100°C, 150 atm, 5 minutes), while isolation of alkylphenol ethoxylates was accomplished by SFE with carbon dioxide modified with methanol (100°C, 450 atm, 30 minutes). The obtained recovery values were determined by HPLC with fluorescence detection and were above 65% [50]. Selective pressurized solvent extraction was also used to isolate BPA, natural and synthetic estrogens from the soil.…”

Review of advanced sample preparation methods for the determination of alkylphenol ethoxylates and their degradation products in solid environmental matrices

“…Most investigators agree that refrigeration of dried samples is effective for the preservation of solid environmental samples, although in-depth studies were not conducted. Prior to supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), sediment was mixed with copper powder to prevent an extraction of elementary sulfur, which can obstruct the whole extraction system [28].…”

“…However, the comparison of extraction rates of alkylphenolic compounds from two analyzed series performed with recently spiked sediment and aged samples showed contradictory results. The study of Kreisseimeier and Dfirbeck [28], showed that SFE of nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEOs) and octylphenol ethoxylates (OPEOs) from aged samples (4 months), using CO2 modified with methanol, yielded recoveries reduced 40% and 22%, respectively in comparison to those from the recently spiked samples. However, Ding and Fann [40] demonstrated that despite a longer interaction time (45 days) between the analytes, nonylphenol (NP) and octylphenol (OP), and the matrix, the pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) efficiency, as compared to recently spiked sediment, was not significantly affected when methanol was used as the extraction solvent.…”

Determination of alkylphenols in water samples by solid-phase extraction on to poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) and quantification by liquid chromatography with UV-detection

“…Heptylphenol has been used as internal standard for the determination of nonylphenol [17]; 4-butylphenol [15] have been used for quantification of octylphenol and nonylphenol. In this work two different internal standards, n-hexylphenol and n-octylphenol, were evaluated for the determination of 4-n-hexylphenol, 4-tert-octylphenol and nonylphenol.…”