Determination of Airborne Nanoparticles from Welding Operations

Gomes, João; Albuquerque, Paula Cristina; Miranda, Rosa Maria Mendes; Vieira, M.T.

doi:10.1080/15287394.2012.688489

Cited by 46 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In our daily life, office printers and photocopiers have been shown to form potentially toxic nanoaerosols in the air (He et al, 2007;McGarry et al, 2011;Bello et al, 2013). Similarly, it has been proven that welding, with similar local high temperature as in the operation of EDM, generates nanoparticles in high concentrations especially close to the sources (Lee et al, 2007;Pfefferkorn et al, 2010;Gomes et al, 2012;Gomes et al, 2014). However, health risks associated with EDM air pollution are not yet clearly understood (Andujar et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airborne Nanoparticle Pollution in a Wire Electrical Discharge Machining Workshop and Potential Health Risks

Chen

Shi

Bai

et al. 2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The environmental pollution associated with electrical discharge machining is not yet clearly understood. Airborne exposure to nanoscale and respirable particles were investigated with regard to the aerosol characteristics of a wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) workshop. The total number concentration of the aerosol was multimodal, with the highest peak maxima during the working hours of 10:00 am and 3:00 pm. The majority of the released particles were smaller than d = 100 nm, with the maximum amount sized 40 nm. A large quantity of metallic elements, including Fe, Al and Cu, were found in the aerosol particulates coming from WEDM processing. Furthermore, the aerosol particles exhibited higher cellular toxicity and ROS producing ability in human alveolar epithelial cells (16HBE) when compared to the atmospheric background. Our results indicate substantial hazards arising from exposure to polluted atmosphere of a WEDM workshop. Effective exposure controls and protections are thus strongly recommended.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airborne Nanoparticle Pollution in a Wire Electrical Discharge Machining Workshop and Potential Health Risks

Chen

Shi

Bai

et al. 2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This equipment indicates the human lung-deposited surface area of particles (ADSA) expressed as square micrometers per cubic centimeter of air (µm 2 / cm 3 ), corresponding to the alveolar region of the lung [4,12], measuring each 10 seconds. This equipment is based on diffusion charging of sampled particles, followed by detection of the charged aerosol using an electrometer.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the advent of new types of welding procedures and consumables, the number of welders exposed to welding fumes is continuously growing, in spite of the mechanization and automation of the welding processes [3] and individual welders' protection equipment is improving. The number of epidemiologic studies [4] has increased in recent years due to the increasing concern with welding fumes and more sophisticated equipment for ultrafine particle (UFP) detection and analysis. The influence of ultrafine particulate lying in the nano sized range, on human health has been pointed to be of much concern [5] as airborne ultrafine particles can also result from macroscopic common industrial processes such as welding [6].…”

Section: The Effect Of Metal Transfer Modes and Shielding Gas Composimentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of metal transfer modes and shielding gas composition on the emission of ultrafine particles in MAG steel welding

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Resumo Este estudo consistiu na caracterização de partículas ultrafinas emitidas durante a soldadura de arco de aço ao carbono e inoxidável, utilizando diferentes misturas como protecção gasosa por forma a avaliar a influência dos modos de transferência AbstractThe present study aims to characterize ultrafine particles emitted during gas metal arc welding of mild steel and stainless steel, using different shielding gas mixtures, and to evaluate the effect of metal transfer modes, controlled by both processing parameters and shielding gas composition, on the quantity and morphology of the ultrafine particles. It was found that the amount of emitted ultrafine particles (measured by particle number and alveolar deposited surface area) are clearly dependent from the main welding parameters, namely the current intensity and the heat input of the welding process.

show abstract

“…In terms of exposure assessment in what regards nanoparticles, the most common procedure is the determination of the surface area deposited in the human lung (Oberdorster, 2000 ) referred further on as Alveolar Deposited Surface Area (ADSA), and is used with proved reliability for the size range of particles between 20 and 100 nm (Asbach et al, 2009), which means that the equipment could be operating very near its detection limit. However, Asbach et al (2009) concluded that the fraction below 20 nm usually contributes only negligibly to the total area surface and, therefore, it is not critical.The operation of this equipment is based on diffusion charging of sampled particles (Gomes et al, 2012a;Gomes et al, 2012b), followed by the detection of the charged aerosol using an electrometer, which uses the deposition model developed by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). Also, emitted nanoparticles were collected with a Nanometer Aerosol Sampler (NAS) TSI, Mod.…”

Section: Airborne Nanoparticles Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caracterización experimental de las emisiones de nanopartículas en el tratamiento de AA6061, AISI304 y Ti6Al4V por ondas de choque generadas por LASER

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper describes an experimental study on the emission of nanometric size particles during laser shock processing of metallic materials: stainless steel, aluminum and titanium alloys which are the most common ones processed by this technique. The emission of nanometric size particles was confirmed to consist of aggregates composed of smaller spherical particles in the range of 10-20 nm, covered by a small concentric "layer" probably of metal oxides. The analysis of the nanoparticles showed the presence of the main elements present in the tested alloys as well as high oxygen content, which is another indication of the presence of oxides of Fe, Al and Ti. The amount of emitted nanoparticles, showed considerable increases over the baseline measured for the working envi-ronment, and these increases correspond to the more intense pulses of the laser beam. The material density was seen to highly affect the quantity of emitted nanoparticles. During LSP of aluminium alloy (the lighter material) a large quantity of nanoparticles was measured, while in LSP of stainless steel few nanoparticles were observed, and this is the denser material, among the three tested. Titanium alloy results in intermediate values. The study of these emissions is innovative and relevant for industrial environments where the manufacturing process is in use. RESUMEN: Caracterización experimental de las emisiones de nanopartículas en el tratamiento de AA6061, AISI304 y Ti6Al4V por ondas de choque generadas por LASER.Este artículo es un estudio experimental sobre la caracterización de las emisiones de nanopartículas en el tratamiento superficial por ondas de choque generadas por LASER (LSP) de materiales metálicos: aceros inoxidables, aleaciones de aluminio y de titanio. Se confirmó que la emisión de partículas de tamaño nanométrico consiste en agregados compuestos de partículas esféricas en el rango de 10-20 nm, cubiertas por una pequeña "capa" concéntrica correspondiente a óxidos metálicos. El análisis de las nanopartículas mostró la presencia de los principales elementos presentes en las aleaciones ensaya-das, y también un contenido elevado de oxígeno que corrobora la presencia de óxidos de Fe, Al y Ti. La cantidad de nanopartículas emitidas, mostró aumentos considerables sobre la línea de base medida para el ambiente de trabajo, y estos aumentos corresponden a los impulsos más intensos de LASER. Se observó que la densidad del 2 • J.F. Gomes et al.

show abstract

Determination of Airborne Nanoparticles from Welding Operations

Cited by 46 publications

References 23 publications

Airborne Nanoparticle Pollution in a Wire Electrical Discharge Machining Workshop and Potential Health Risks

Airborne Nanoparticle Pollution in a Wire Electrical Discharge Machining Workshop and Potential Health Risks

The effect of metal transfer modes and shielding gas composition on the emission of ultrafine particles in MAG steel welding

Caracterización experimental de las emisiones de nanopartículas en el tratamiento de AA6061, AISI304 y Ti6Al4V por ondas de choque generadas por LASER

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About