Determination of 236U/238U and 235U/238U isotope ratios in human urine by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Impact of the uranium (VI) speciation in mineralised urines on its extraction by calix[6]arene bearing hydroxamic groups used in chromatography columns

“…As expected, most of the alkaliearth cations, Ca 2 þ and Mg 2 þ , 30% and 70%, respectively, are transported through the mineralisation process. These results confirm what has been observed by Gray et al as they also coprecipitated uranium with alkali-earth phosphate [12]. Carbonates are not present due to the acidity of the samples in the mineralisation process (acidified raw urine for conservation and acidic mineralisation), carbonate ions are transformed into CO 2 and degased.…”

“…The alkali-earth (typically calcium) phosphate precipitation is often used for actinides co-precipitation from urines and does not require adding chemical species not already present in urines, except ammonia for pH adjustment over 9. This precipitation method is well known to carry over all actinides [12,22,23]. To validate this precipitation step, the raw urine was sampled as well as the supernatant after 2 h decantation.…”

“…1) consists of a co-precipitation step to concentrate the actinides. It carries over different species (not only actinides) and can lead to a mineralised urine composition different from the raw urine one [12]. U(VI) speciation has already been studied in raw urine but, to the best of our knowledge, never in the mineralised one [13,14].…”

Biologic monitoring and surveillance results for the department of veterans affairs' depleted uranium cohort: Lessons learned from sustained exposure over two decades

“…All participants signed a written informed consent document. [Ejnik et al, 2005;Gray et al, 2012]. Urine U concentrations were standardized on the basis of urine creatinine concentrations to account for urine dilution to obtain mg U/g creatinine [Karpas et al, 1998;McDiarmid et al, 2000].…”

The Gulf War Depleted Uranium Cohort at 20 years

“…Urine aliquots were analyzed for total U and 235 U 238 U j1 isotopic ratios as previously described (McDiarmid et al 2007) using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometery (ICP-MS) methods developed by Ejnik et al (2005) and Gray et al (2012). Urine U concentrations were standardized on the basis of urine creatinine concentrations to account for urine dilution to obtain mg U g creatinine j1 (Karpas et al 1998;McDiarmid et al 2000).…”